Question 1

Which of the following two enzymes are needed to construct a cDNA library?

Accepted Answer

A) reverse transcriptase and DNA ligase 
B) reverse transcriptase and Taq polymerase 
C) DNA ligase and Taq polymerase 
D) Taq polymerase and RNA polymerase A

Question 2

The PCR technique requires a DNA polymerase from an organism that can endure high heat, such as Thermus aquaticus.What step of the protocol makes the heat-stability most necessary?

Accepted Answer

A) Synthesis 
B) Primer annealing 
C) Denaturation 
D) Antibody binding C

Question 3

An immunoassay was developed to rapidly diagnose patients infected with an emerging virus.However, the researchers discovered that some individuals were producing false negatives when tested, despite being infected with the virus.What might explain this?

Accepted Answer

A) Rapid evolution of the viral antigen 
B) Changes in the length of the viral DNA 
C) Number of genome copies carried in each virion 
D) Changes in the antibody produced by the virus A

Question 4

All of the following involve molecular biology techniques except

Accepted Answer

A) ligating DNA fragments together. 
B) using restriction enzymes to cut specific sequences of DNA. 
C) using a DNA polymerase to copy DNA via PCR. 
D) creation of Okazaki fragments.

Question 5

A farmer is growing glyphosate-resistant transgenic soybeans.What are you unlikely to see in those fields during the growing season?

Accepted Answer

A) A tilling machine 
B) Caterpillars 
C) Field mice 
D) Irrigation

Question 6

You want to insert your favorite gene, which has been digested with Ncol endonuclease on both ends, into a vector.Ncol recognizes the DNA sequence C*CATGG.The vector you want to use contains many endonuclease recognition sites, but does not include an Ncol site.Which restriction endonuclease would be the most suitable replacement to digest the vector?

Accepted Answer

A) Sphl - G*CATGC 
B) Sunl - C*GTACG 
C) Kpnl - GGTAC*C 
D) CViAll - C*ATG

Question 7

An enzyme that has been isolated from retroviruses and is used to generate cDNA is

Accepted Answer

A) transverse ligase. 
B) reverse transcriptase. 
C) reverse endonuclease. 
D) recombinant RNase.

Question 8

The _________ from Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used in genetic engineering involving crop plant genes.

Accepted Answer

A) restriction endonucleases 
B) DNA 
C)  Ti vector 
D)  Ti plasmid

Question 9

You have discovered a very small amount of DNA from an ancient organism that you want to save and study.What is the very first thing you should do to allow you to study this DNA in the lab?

Accepted Answer

A) RT-PCR 
B) Gel electrophoresis 
C) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 
D) Insert the DNA into a vector

Question 10

The most common way to follow bacterial transformation with a plasmid is by

Accepted Answer

A) manufacturing the bacterial protein. 
B) conferring antibiotic resistance. 
C) separating the altered cell surface. 
D) making the cells immortal.

Question 11

A key difference between transforming plant cells and human cells is

Accepted Answer

A) genes to be expressed in human cells require a eukaryotic promoter, and genes to be expressed in plants don't. 
B) DNA cannot be introduced into human cells. 
C) Agrobacterium is commonly used as a tool to directly transform plant cells but not human cells. 
D) a vector is needed to introduce DNA into human cells and not plant cells.

Question 12

The most recent techniques developed in the biological sciences allow the manipulation of DNA with the ultimate goal of intervening directly with the _______ fate of organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) genetic 
B) developmental 
C) adult 
D) mitotic

Question 13

Imagine that a very unusual animal species had the ability to make its own aromatic amino acids using a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase enzyme similar to that of plants.What would happen if this animal foraged in a field of glyphosate-resistant plants?

Accepted Answer

A) No effect. 
B) They would become sick from the glyphosate that was sprayed on the plants. 
C) They would also become glyphosate-resistant. 
D) They would no longer need to make their own aromatic amino acids.

Question 14

Investigators have found a new species bacteria that lives under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.They hypothesize that different genes are expressed in each condition.What experiment could test this hypothesis and identify important genes?

Accepted Answer

A) Completely sequence the genome of the bacteria in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions 
B) Collect mRNA from both anaerobic and aerobic conditions and generate two cDNA libraries 
C) Measure levels of RNA Polymerase in both conditions 
D) Design primers to a specific region of the genome and sequence this region during both anaerobic and aerobic conditions

Question 15

Crop plants have been protected from certain insects by the addition of a gene for a specific insect toxin from the bacterium

Accepted Answer

A) Agrobacterium tumefaciens. 
B) Bacillus thuringiensis. 
C) Herpes simplex. 
D) Pseudomonas.

Question 16

Gel ________ is a process that separates DNA or protein fragments according to their size, by causing them to migrate within a gel in response to an electric field.

Accepted Answer

A) duplication 
B) blotting 
C) electrophoresis 
D) migration

Question 17

A certain wastewater treatment plant uses aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and archaebacteria during secondary treatment of sewage.Unfortunately, during a bad blizzard the aerated tanks froze, killing the microbes inside.What is likely to result?

Accepted Answer

A) Floc levels will diminish. 
B) Methane production will go down. 
C) Solid material will not be effectively filtered out. 
D) Floc will not be effectively filtered out.

Question 18

Bacterial plasmids and artificial chromosomes are used as ______ to insert foreign DNA into host cells and create recombinant genomes.

Accepted Answer

A) clones 
B) vectors 
C) endonucleases 
D) subunits

Question 19

Technique used to amplify a desired piece of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) gel electrophoresis 
B) RFLP 
C) PCR 
D) plasmids

Question 20

Two strands of DNA that have been cut by an endonuclease can be sealed together by a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) polymerase enzyme. 
B) ligase enzyme. 
C) exonuclease enzyme. 
D) protease enzyme.

Exam 17: Biotechnology