Question 1

A regression line for a correlation of -1.00 would

Accepted Answer

A)  be parallel to the X-axis
B)  be parallel to the Y-axis
C)  higher for low values on the X-axis than for high values on the X-axis
D)  higher for high values on the X-axis than for low values on the X-axis C

Question 2

When using a written survey,

Accepted Answer

A)  return rates will be higher if the survey uses more closed questions than open questions
B)  a return rate of 5% is adequate if the survey is well planned
C)  return rates will be higher if the survey uses more open questions than closed questions
D)  experimenter bias is never a problem A

Question 3

If there is a strong correlation between variables A and B, what is the most likely explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A is causing B
B)  B is causing B
C)  A and B are caused by C
D)  could be any of the above - the correlation by itself does not allow one to decide D

Question 4

What was wrong with the survey done by Literary Digest in 1936?

Accepted Answer

A)  their sample did not accurately reflect the proportions of Republicans and Democrats
B)  they only had 10% of their surveys returned
C)  they used simple random sampling instead of the more sophisticated cluster sampling
D)  they used cluster sampling, when stratified sampling was required

Question 5

Compared to experimental methods found previous chapters, survey research

Accepted Answer

A)  does not have a problem with reactivity
B)  is more likely to use convenience sampling
C)  has a greater need for the sample to be representative
D)  will tend to have a smaller sample size

Question 6

When should DK ("don't know")alternatives be used?

Accepted Answer

A)  when collecting demographic information
B)  never-they will be overused by respondents
C)  whenever you are surveying people with moderate to low IQs
D)  when there is good reason to believe that some respondents will genuinely not know an answer

Question 7

A study using a ________ helps to solve the third variable problem.

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-lagged panel correlation
B)  partial correlation
C)  multiple regression
D)  factor analysis

Question 8

Nonresponse bias occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  the population from which the sample is taken is too small
B)  response rate is lower than anticipated
C)  those returning a survey differ in some important way from the initial sample
D)  those responding to a survey fail to answer a significant number of questions on the survey

Question 9

In a negative correlation,

Accepted Answer

A)  high scores on one variable are accompanied by high scores on the second variable
B)  low scores on one variable are accompanied by low scores on the second variable
C)  high scores on one variable are accompanied by low scores on the second variable
D)  both alternatives a. and b.

Question 10

A researcher believes that anxiety disorders in children can be predicted by a combination of several variables: shyness in preschool, mother dominance, and father absence. This study will use which procedure?

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple regression
B)  partial correlation
C)  factor analysis
D)  bivariate correlations

Question 11

Demographic information includes

Accepted Answer

A)  how knowledgeable a person is about some topic
B)  information about the income level of the respondent
C)  someone's opinion about democracy (or related issues) 
D)  all of the above

Question 12

By using a __________ procedure, Eron and his colleagues (1972)were able to rule out several potential third variables that might have affected the relationship they found between preference for TV violence and aggressiveness.

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-lagged panel correlation
B)  partial correlation
C)  multiple regression
D)  factor analysis

Question 13

Zezima (2010)reported that while nearly 100% of people reported that they wash their hands after using public restrooms, however actual observations of public hand washing behavior demonstrated much lower percentages. This illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  invasion of privacy
B)  question ambiguity
C)  biased sampling
D)  a social desirability bias

Question 14

Ed took a Civil Service Test and was subsequently hired by the Post Office, where he performed well. The Civil Service Test was used because

Accepted Answer

A)  it had been shown to be an effective predictor variable
B)  it had been useful as a criterion variable
C)  scores on the test correlated perfectly with IQ
D)  scores on it regressed to the mean

Question 15

All of the following are closed questions except

Accepted Answer

A)  Is this a closed question?
B)  Is this an open question?
C)  How is a closed question different from an open question?
D)  Is this a poor multiple choice question?

Question 16

All of the following are problems with online surveying except

Accepted Answer

A)  cost
B)  debriefing
C)  self selection bias
D)  some sampling bias (middle and upper incomes)

Question 17

In a study examining the relationship between A and B, the coefficient of determination

Accepted Answer

A)  indicates how much variability in A can be accounted for by B
B)  is found by squaring the value of Pearson's r
C)  both alternatives a. and b.
D)  none of the above

Question 18

Research using regression analyses is useful for

Accepted Answer

A)  establishing causal relationships
B)  making predictions
C)  manipulating independent variables
D)  factorial-type designs

Question 19

A study using a ________ helps to solve the directionality problem.

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-lagged panel correlation
B)  partial correlation
C)  multiple regression
D)  factor analysis

Question 20

In order for a Pearson's r to reflect a meaningful relationship, which of the following must be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  the relationship must be nonlinear
B)  the variables must be measured on at least an ordinal scale
C)  the range of scores must be restricted on at least one of the variables
D)  the variables must be measured on either an interval or a ratio scale

Exam 9: Non-Experimental Design I: Survey Methods

A regression line for a correlation of -1.00 would

When using a written survey,

If there is a strong correlation between variables A and B, what is the most likely explanation?

What was wrong with the survey done by Literary Digest in 1936?

Compared to experimental methods found previous chapters, survey research

When should DK ("don't know") alternatives be used?

A study using a ________ helps to solve the third variable problem.

Nonresponse bias occurs when

In a negative correlation,

A researcher believes that anxiety disorders in children can be predicted by a combination of several variables: shyness in preschool, mother dominance, and father absence. This study will use which procedure?

Demographic information includes

By using a __________ procedure, Eron and his colleagues (1972) were able to rule out several potential third variables that might have affected the relationship they found between preference for TV violence and aggressiveness.

Zezima (2010) reported that while nearly 100% of people reported that they wash their hands after using public restrooms, however actual observations of public hand washing behavior demonstrated much lower percentages. This illustrates

Ed took a Civil Service Test and was subsequently hired by the Post Office, where he performed well. The Civil Service Test was used because

All of the following are closed questions except

All of the following are problems with online surveying except

In a study examining the relationship between A and B, the coefficient of determination

Research using regression analyses is useful for

A study using a ________ helps to solve the directionality problem.

In order for a Pearson's r to reflect a meaningful relationship, which of the following must be true?