Which Three of the Following Are Trends Leading to Increasing

Multiple Choice

Which three of the following are trends leading to increasing middle management involvement in strategy making?

A) Middle managers are no longer expected to implement strategy.
B) Many organisations are decentralising their organisational structures.
C) Middle managers have become better trained and confident in strategy.
D) The shift from manufacturing to one based on professional services means that knowledge held by middle managers is often a source of competitive advantage.