Question 1

Of the following conditions associated with excess heat, which is the most serious condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  heat stroke 
B)  dizziness 
C)  excessive sweating 
D)  dehydration 
E)  heat exhaustion

Question 2

The cell types blood, bone, fat, and lymph would be categorized into which of the following major cell classes?

Accepted Answer

A)  endocrine cells 
B)  neurons 
C)  connective tissue cells 
D)  epithelial cells 
E)  muscle cells

Question 3

Most of the cells of the body are able to directly exchange materials with the external environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

For a person weighing 150 pounds, how many liters of water are contained in all of the body's compartments?

Accepted Answer

A)  11 
B)  70 
C)  50 
D)  14 
E)  42

Question 5

Total body water is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  intracellular fluid only. 
B)  plasma and intracellular fluid. 
C)  extracellular fluid only. 
D)  intracellular and interstitial fluid. 
E)  intracellular and extracellular fluid.

Question 6

Which of the following is/are a component of the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchi 
B)  esophagus 
C)  adrenal gland 
D)  brain 
E)  blood vessels

Question 7

When people cut themselves, they have clotting factors in their blood that will be released continuously in a cascade until their blood clots and terminates the bleeding. What mechanism caused their blood to clot?

Accepted Answer

A)  negative feedback control 
B)  positive feedback control 
C)  homeostasis 
D)  reabsorption 
E)  secretion

Question 8

Which of the following accurately represents the order of complexity for the components of the body, from least to most complex?

Accepted Answer

A)  cells, tissues, organs, organ systems 
B)  organ systems, cells, tissues, organs 
C)  cells, tissues, organ systems, organs 
D)  organ systems, organs, tissues, cells 
E)  tissues, cells, organs, organ systems

Question 9

What percentage of women will develop type 2 diabetes after developing gestational diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  25 -30% 
B)  3 -4% 
C)  12 -15% 
D)  5 -10% 
E)  1 -2%

Question 10

Which of the following is a normal blood glucose level?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 mg/dL 
B)  50 mmolar 
C)  100 gm/mL 
D)  200 mmolar 
E)  50 mg/dL

Question 11

Homeostasis is a term which describes the process whereby the body

Accepted Answer

A)  maintains a variable internal environment. 
B)  maintains a constant external environment. 
C)  maintains a constant internal and external environment. 
D)  affects the external environment. 
E)  maintains a constant internal environment.

Question 12

Organs of the body are defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  a collection of tissues that function independently of one another. 
B)  a collection of cells that perform similar functions. 
C)  a collection of cells that function independently of one another. 
D)  two or more tissues combined to form a structure that allows each tissue to function independently. 
E)  a combination of two or more tissues that make up a structure which performs a specific function.

Question 13

What tissue is specialized to contract?

Accepted Answer

A)  epithelial 
B)  connective 
C)  nervous 
D)  muscle 
E)  endocrine

Question 14

A patient has a high salt or sodium intake which draws fluid out of his cells to dilute the sodium. This process occurs as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  negative feedback control. 
B)  excretion. 
C)  reabsorption. 
D)  positive feedback control. 
E)  absorption.

Question 15

Once a woman develops gestational diabetes, she will have diabetes for life.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The smallest living units, capable of carrying out their own basic life processes, are

Accepted Answer

A)  tissues. 
B)  molecules. 
C)  atoms. 
D)  cells. 
E)  organs.

Question 17

Vinnie has high blood glucose and must take insulin shots to control his blood sugar. Why must he override his normal homeostatic mechanisms by taking medication?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vinnie's negative feedback controls are not functioning properly. 
B)  An error signal has been sent to Vinnie's integrating center, which is not functioning properly. 
C)  Vinnie's sensors are detecting high levels of glucose and therefore are not secreting insulin due to positive feedback control. 
D)  Vinnie's positive feedback controls are not functioning properly. 
E)  Vinnie's set point has changed telling him he needs more sugar.

Question 18

Changes in the external environment alter the_________, which is detected by the  __________and that information is sent to the integrator.

Accepted Answer

A)  error signal : regulated variable 
B)  sensor : regulated variable 
C)  regulated variable : set point 
D)  regulated variable : sensor 
E)  set point : regulated variable

Question 19

Referring to a membrane as "selectively permeable" describes its ability to

Accepted Answer

A)  provide a barrier that restricts the movement of all molecules across a membrane. 
B)  allow the movement of particular molecules across a membrane. 
C)  restrict only the movement of potassium across the membrane. 
D)  provide a minimal barrier that allows almost any molecule to move across a membrane. 
E)  restrict only the movement of sodium across a membrane.

Question 20

The__________is the interior compartment of a hollow organ or vessel.

Accepted Answer

A)  lumen 
B)  intracellular matrix 
C)  epithelium 
D)  cavity 
E)  basement membrane

Exam 1: Introduction to Physiology