Question 1

The feedback loop involving luteinizing hormone and estrogen is terminated by

Accepted Answer

A) ovulation, which directly inhibits luteinizing hormone secretion. 
B) pregnancy. 
C) birth. 
D) nothing; the cycle cannot be terminated. 
E) ovulation, which decreases estrogen secretion.

Question 2

What are the structures that attach bone to muscle?

Accepted Answer

A) aponeuroses 
B) intracellular matrix proteins 
C) ligaments 
D) tendons 
E) extracellular matrix proteins

Question 3

A patient has a high salt or sodium intake which draws fluid out of his cells to dilute the sodium. This process occurs as a result of

Accepted Answer

A) negative feedback control. 
B) reabsorption. 
C) excretion. 
D) positive feedback control. 
E) absorption.

Question 4

The elimination of unabsorbed materials from the body refers to which of the processes below?

Accepted Answer

A) excretion 
B) reabsorption 
C) secretion 
D) filtration 
E) absorption

Question 5

Which tissue below provides structural support?

Accepted Answer

A) epithelial tissue 
B) connective tissue 
C) nervous tissue 
D) muscle tissue 
E) reticular tissue

Question 6

Which of the following people would be more prone to develop diabetes mellitus type II?

Accepted Answer

A) an obese white adult 
B) a thin, malnourished, African American child 
C) an obese Hispanic child 
D) an obese Hispanic adult 
E) a thin white adult

Question 7

The process whereby enzymes are moved into the gastrointestinal tract to digest nutrients is called

Accepted Answer

A) filtration. 
B) excretion. 
C) reabsorption. 
D) absorption. 
E) secretion.

Question 8

What is the primary mechanism for maintaining homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

A) intrinsic control 
B) extrinsic control 
C) inherent control 
D) negative feedback 
E) positive feedback

Question 9

The maintenance of a stable internal environment compatible for life is called

Accepted Answer

A) homeostasis. 
B) biochemistry. 
C) microbiology. 
D) physiology. 
E) anatomy.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

A) Consumption of caffeine increases urine output, causing dehydration. 
B) During an infection, the body temperature set point is increased. The hypothalamus communicates to skeletal muscles to shiver and to blood vessels to decrease blood flow to the skin, causing a rise in body temperature. 
C) At the time of birth, uterine contractions push the baby toward the cervix. Receptors in the cervix detect the pressure caused by the baby and cause the release of a hormone called oxytocin. This hormone stimulates stronger uterine contractions, which push more on the baby, causing an increase in pressure and another increase in oxytocin. The cycle continues until the baby is delivered from the mother. 
D) If blood pressure increases above normal, baroreceptors in major arteries detect the change and send signals to the brain. Certain areas of the brain then send signals to the nerves that control the heart and blood vessels to make the heart beat slower and the blood vessels increase in diameter, which in turn reduce the blood pressure. 
E) During a blood clot, platelets release ADP, which stimulates platelet aggregation, causing platelets to release more ADP.

Question 11

Epithelial cells are associated with a noncellular material called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) basement membrane. 
B) muscle fiber. 
C) endocrine gland. 
D) connective tissue. 
E) fibroblast.

Question 12

The fluid compartment with a high sodium and protein concentration is called

Accepted Answer

A) interstitial fluid. 
B) intracellular and extracellular fluids. 
C) plasma. 
D) extracellular fluid. 
E) intracellular fluid.

Question 13

Movement from the blood into the kidney tubules would represent which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A) reabsorption 
B) absorption 
C) filtration 
D) excretion 
E) secretion

Question 14

Organs of the body are defined as

Accepted Answer

A) a collection of cells that function independently of one another. 
B) two or more tissues combined to form a structure that allows each tissue to function independently. 
C) a collection of tissues that function independently of one another. 
D) a collection of cells that perform similar functions. 
E) a combination of two or more tissues that make up a structure which performs a specific function.

Question 15

Cases of diabetes mellitus are increasing throughout the world, not just in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Diabetes mellitus causes hyperglycemia.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

What percentage of women will develop type 2 diabetes after developing gestational diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A) 5- 10% 
B) 25- 30% 
C) 1- 2% 
D) 3- 4% 
E) 12- 15%

Question 18

Cells are classified into which of the following four broad categories?

Accepted Answer

A) atoms, tissues, organs, and organ systems 
B) endocrine, nervous, integumentary, and reproductive 
C) squamous, cubodial, columnar, and basement membranes 
D) skeletal, cardiac, endocrine, and nervous 
E) neurons, muscle, epithelial, and connective tissue

Question 19

For a person weighing 150 pounds, how many liters of water are contained in all of the body's compartments?

Accepted Answer

A) 11 
B) 70 
C) 50 
D) 42 
E) 14

Question 20

Prediabetics have a fasting blood glucose level of and, according to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), approximately _ million Americans are prediabetic.

Accepted Answer

A) 500- 1000 mg/dL : 300 
B) 70- 100 mg/dL : 10 
C) 100- 125 mg/dL : 80 
D) 300- 400 mg/dL : 100 
E) 200- 250 mg/dL : 50

Exam 1: Introduction to Physiology