Question 1

Surveys, polls, and secondary analysis of data sets typically involve __________ analysis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Surveys, polls, and secondary analysis of data...

Question 2

The text points out that where there are more storks, there are more babies. In this example, for which reason can we NOT establish a causal link?

Accepted Answer

A)  Variable A (storks) comes after Variable B (babies) 
B)  There is an observer effect leading to inaccurate counts of babies 
C)  The variables are not correlated 
D)  There is an extraneous variable (rural/urban area) influencing the observed correlation

Question 3

__________ refers to being able to reasonably guess human behavior in particular situations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ refers to being able to reasonably...

Question 4

In sociological research, we approach the truth by addressing two issues:

Accepted Answer

A)  macro and micro levels 
B)  functionalism and conflict perspectives 
C)  quantitative and qualitative methods 
D)  predictability and causality

Question 5

Compared to other sciences' phenomena, such as gravity or particles, the phenomena examined in sociology

Accepted Answer

A)  Don't behave in exactly the same ways all the time 
B)  Are even more predictable 
C)  Are completely unpredictable, practically random 
D)  Must be studied with experiments

Question 6

__________ refers to formal and systematic information, organized and coherent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ refers to formal and systematic information,...

Question 7

Seventeenth-century philosopher Auguste Comte, the founder of sociology, believed that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  human behavior is wildly unpredictable 
B)  human society follows permanent, unchangeable laws 
C)  human behavior is dependent upon genetics 
D)  humans are most influenced by their environment

Question 8

Explain Weber's concept of "verstehen."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain Weber's concept of "verstehen."...

Question 9

Certain groups, such as children, college students, and prisoners, are considered __________ and IRBs require special procedures for studies using them as subjects.

Accepted Answer

A)  taboo 
B)  especially desirable 
C)  spurious 
D)  protected

Question 10

Surveys are the only method that uses samples.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A(n) __________ predicts a relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  Theory 
B)  Operationalization 
C)  Correlation 
D)  Hypothesis

Question 12

If a researcher is observing children's interactions from behind a one-way mirror, so that his/her presence is unobtrusive and thus not influencing the children's behavior, the researcher is conducting __________ observation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a researcher is observing children's interactions...

Question 13

One of the criteria to determine __________ is correlation, that is, the variables must be related to each other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the criteria to determine __________...

Question 14

Because the subjects of social science research are often unpredictable or even irrational, the __________ can never be known, though it can be approached by examining predictability and causality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because the subjects of social science research...

Question 15

__________ research includes surveys and polls, and involves statistical analysis.

Accepted Answer

A)  Qualitative 
B)  Macro 
C)  Inferential 
D)  Quantitative

Question 16

Every person who is pregnant must be female. Therefore, being female is a __________ cause of pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sufficient 
B)  Necessary 
C)  Spurious 
D)  Extraneous

Question 17

In a study of whether parental divorce influences children's social and academic characteristics, parental divorce is the__________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a study of whether parental divorce...

Question 18

Quantitative methodology is more likely to rely on __________ reasoning, while Qualitative is more likely to use __________ reasoning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Quantitative methodology is more likely to rely...

Question 19

Why is it important to review the literature about previous research on your topic?

Accepted Answer

A)  To make sure nobody has ever done the same study before 
B)  So that you will be able to prove that the previous researchers were wrong. 
C)  To help you refine your own thinking about the topic. 
D)  To ensure that you will test a different hypothesis.

Question 20

Identify and briefly describe the four criteria for determining causality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and briefly describe the four criteria...

Exam 4: How Do We Know What We Know the Methods of the Sociologist