Question 1

If your job has the quality of McDonaldization, which of the following would you NOT expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)  efficiency
B)  uniformity
C)  predictability
D)  creativity D

Question 2

Which theoretical approach highlights the meaning that people attach to the jobs they hold and the work they perform?

Accepted Answer

A)  structural functional
B)  symbolic interaction
C)  social conflict
D)  feminist B

Question 3

Compared to industrial wages of around $35 an hour in the United States, comparable workers in Mexico earn

Accepted Answer

A)  $2.90 an hour.
B)  $5.90 an hour.
C)  $16.90 an hour.
D)  $66.90 an hour. B

Question 4

Which term refers to bias built into the operation of the economy, education, and other social institutions?

Accepted Answer

A)  the glass ceiling
B)  McDonaldization
C)  institutional discrimination
D)  workplace segregation

Question 5

The structural-functional approach highlights how technological change

Accepted Answer

A)  creates conflict between competing businesses.
B)  has reduced the importance of science.
C)  eliminates some old jobs as it creates new ones.
D)  has halted the Industrial Revolution.

Question 6

In 2015, what percentage of the nonfarm U.S.labor force was unionized?

Accepted Answer

A)  11 percent
B)  21 percent
C)  31 percent
D)  41 percent

Question 7

Which of the following people was an important figure in developing the strength of labor unions in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stanley Milgram
B)  John Hope Franklin
C)  W.E.B.Du Bois
D)  Eugene Debs

Question 8

The Industrial Revolution pushed workers into which sector of the economy?

Accepted Answer

A)  primary sector
B)  secondary sector
C)  tertiary sector
D)  global sector

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the three sectors of the economy?

Accepted Answer

A)  the production of raw materials
B)  the transformation of raw materials into finished products
C)  service work
D)  global trade

Question 10

Max Weber understood alienation as the

Accepted Answer

A)  experience of isolation and misery resulting from powerlessness in the workplace.
B)  depersonalization of the workplace and society due to modern society's rational focus on efficiency.
C)  self-estrangement resulting from lack of satisfactory relationships with significant others.
D)  gradual loss of economic security over time.

Question 11

About what share of U.S.workers spend at least some of a typical workday working at home?

Accepted Answer

A)  almost none
B)  25 percent
C)  about half
D)  75 percent

Question 12

If you have an occupation that provides good pay and extensive benefits, you have work in the

Accepted Answer

A)  primary labor market.
B)  secondary labor market.
C)  secondary sector of the economy.
D)  primary sector of the economy.

Question 13

In 1970, the federal government created OSHA to oversee and regulate

Accepted Answer

A)  workplace health and safety.
B)  union and management bargaining procedures.
C)  the process of outsourcing jobs.
D)  the skills needed for new jobs in the Information Revolution.

Question 14

Which of the following is an occupational hazard that places workers at risk of leukemia and other cancers?

Accepted Answer

A)  stress
B)  mining operations
C)  radiation
D)  repetitive motion

Question 15

Max Weber saw the Industrial Revolution as one expression of what larger historical process?

Accepted Answer

A)  the rationalization of society
B)  increasing workplace alienation
C)  increasing social inequality
D)  globalization

Question 16

Perhaps the most important reason that U.S.companies have moved industrial production abroad is

Accepted Answer

A)  better conditions for ordinary workers in other nations.
B)  lower wages paid to workers in other nations.
C)  unemployment here at home.
D)  no skilled workers here at home.

Question 17

One reason for the "jobless recovery" that this nation has experienced in recent years is

Accepted Answer

A)  computer technology, which allows more people to do less work.
B)  fewer temporary workers are needed compared to regular employees.
C)  U.S.workers are too expensive to compete in the global economy.
D)  large investments are being made in education and job training by U.S.companies.

Question 18

From 1850 until today, there has been a steady increase in the share of the U.S.labor force engaged in

Accepted Answer

A)  industrial work.
B)  service work.
C)  farming.
D)  mining.

Question 19

If you were to work at the top of the primary labor market, you would most likely have a

Accepted Answer

A)  service job.
B)  profession.
C)  blue-collar job.
D)  job in farming.

Question 20

Which of the following types of work poses the highest risk of death on the job?

Accepted Answer

A)  sales jobs
B)  professional work
C)  transportation
D)  agriculture

Exam 11: Work and the Workplace