Question 1

Which underlying concept should a nurse associate with interpersonal theory when assessing a client?

Accepted Answer

A)  The effects of social processes on personality development
B)  The effects of unconscious processes and personality structures
C)  The effects on thoughts and perceptual processes
D)  The effects of chemical and genetic influences A

Question 2

A 6-year-old boy uses his father's flashlight to explore his 3-year-old sister's genitalia.According to Freud,in which stage of psychosocial development should a nurse identify this behavior as normal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oral
B)  Anal
C)  Phallic
D)  Latency C

Question 3

A father of a 5-year-old demeans and curses his child for disobedience.In turn,when upset,the child uses swear words at kindergarten.A school nurse recognizes this behavior as unsuccessful completion of which stage of development,according to Peplau?

Accepted Answer

A)  Learning to count on others
B)  Learning to delay satisfaction
C)  Identifying oneself
D)  Developing skills in participation C

Question 4

When assessing clients,a psychiatric nurse should understand that psychoanalytic theory is based on which underlying concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  A possible genetic basis for the client's problems
B)  The structure and dynamics of the personality
C)  Behavioral responses to stressors
D)  Maladaptive cognitions

Question 5

A married,26-year-old client works as a schoolteacher.She and her husband have just had their first child.A nurse should recognize that this client is successfully accomplishing which stage of Erikson's developmental theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Industry versus inferiority
B)  Identity versus role confusion
C)  Intimacy versus isolation
D)  Generativity versus stagnation

Question 6

A client has flashbacks of sexual abuse by her uncle.She had not had these memories until recently,when she became sexually active with her boyfriend.A nurse should identify this experience as which part of Sullivan's concept of the self-system?

Accepted Answer

A)  The good me
B)  The bad me
C)  The not me
D)  The bad you

Question 7

A 1-month-old infant is left alone for extended periods,has little physical stimulation,and is malnourished.Based on this infant's situation,in which phase of development,according to Mahler's theory,should a nurse expect to see a potential deficit?

Accepted Answer

A)  The symbiotic phase
B)  The autistic phase
C)  The consolidation phase
D)  The rapprochement phase

Question 8

Which of the following concepts should a nurse identify as being included in Black and Andreasen's definition of personality? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Personality is the characteristic way in which a person thinks,feels,and behaves.
B)  Personality is the ingrained pattern of behavior that each person evolves,both consciously and unconsciously.
C)  Personality is developed in sporadic stages that vary from person to person and experience to experience.
D)  Personality has to do with a person's style of life or way of being.
E)  Personality is inborn and cannot be influenced by developmental progression.

Question 9

According to Freud,which statement should a nurse associate with predominance of the superego?

Accepted Answer

A)  "No one is looking,so I will take three cigarettes from Mom's pack."
B)  "I don't ever cheat on tests; it is wrong."
C)  "If I skip school,I will get into trouble and fail my test."
D)  "Dad won't miss this little bit of vodka."

Question 10

A physically healthy,35-year-old,single client lives with parents,who provide total financial support.According to Erikson's theory,which developmental task should a nurse assist the client to accomplish?

Accepted Answer

A)  Establishing the ability to control emotional reactions
B)  Establishing a strong sense of ethics and character structure
C)  Establishing and maintaining self-esteem
D)  Establishing a career,personal relationships,and societal connections

Question 11

According to Peplau,a nurse who provides an abandoned child with parental guidance and praise following small accomplishments is serving which therapeutic role?

Accepted Answer

A)  Technical expert
B)  Resource person
C)  Surrogate
D)  Leader

Question 12

A 10-year-old child wins the science fair competition and is chosen as a cheerleader for the basketball team.A nurse should recognize that this child is in the process of successfully accomplishing which stage of Erikson's developmental theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Industry versus inferiority
B)  Identity versus role confusion
C)  Intimacy versus isolation
D)  Generativity versus stagnation

Question 13

A jilted college student is admitted to a hospital following a suicide attempt and states,"No one will ever love a loser like me." According to Erikson's theory of personality development,a nurse should recognize that this patient has a deficit in which developmental stage?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trust versus mistrust
B)  Initiative versus guilt
C)  Intimacy versus isolation
D)  Ego integrity versus despair

Question 14

A nurse observes a 3-year-old client willingly sharing candy with a sibling.According to Peplau,which psychological stage of development should the nurse determine that this child has completed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Learning to count on others
B)  Learning to delay satisfaction
C)  Identifying oneself
D)  Developing skills in participation

Question 15

"It is never right to take something that doesn't belong to you." According to Sigmund Freud,this statement reflects the predominance of the _______________ structure of the personality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of "It is never right to take something...

Question 16

A nurse is caring for a hospitalized client who is quarrelsome,opinionated,and has little regard for others.According to Sullivan's interpersonal theory,the nurse should associate the client's behaviors with a previous deficit in which stage of development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infancy
B)  Childhood
C)  Early adolescence
D)  Late adolescence

Question 17

A 9-month-old child screams every time his mother leaves and will not tolerate anyone else changing his diaper.The nurse should determine that,according to Mahler's developmental theory,this child's development was arrested at which phase?

Accepted Answer

A)  The autistic phase
B)  The symbiotic phase
C)  The separation-individuation phase
D)  The rapprochement phase

Question 18

A female complains that her husband only satisfies his sexual needs and never her needs.According to Freud,which personality structure should a nurse identify as predominantly driving the husband's actions?

Accepted Answer

A)  The id
B)  The superid
C)  The ego
D)  The superego

Exam 2: Concepts of Personality Development