Question 1

If a child is taught to say "dog" when viewing different dogs, then the child is likely to generalize and refer to any variety of dog as a "dog".This would be an example of: a) training sufficient stimulus exemplars$\quad $$\quad $b) training sufficient response exemplars
c) response generalization$\quad $$\quad $$\quad $$\quad $$\quad $$\quad $$\quad $d) behavior maintenance

Accepted Answer

A) training sufficient stimulus exemplars 
B) training sufficient response exemplars 
C) response generalization 
D) behavior maintenance

Question 2

According to Suzie's teacher, "Suzie is a good student because she is highly motivated." This is an example of____________ view of motivation:

Accepted Answer

A) a behavioral 
B) Michael's 
C) a traditional 
D) Skinner's

Question 3

An interval recording system is one in which the observation period is scored as occurring or not occurring during very brief observation intervals, each of which is separated by some longer period of time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Recent studies indicate that the recidivism rates of pre-delinquents who had been in token programs using the teaching family model is about the same as pre-delinquents who had been in traditional programs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Conditioned sensing involves the operant component of thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A recent review of trends in time-out research concluded that more research was needed to evaluate the relative efficacy of exclusionary vs.nonexclusionary time-out.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When reinforcement occurs after some but not all responses, a(n) _______schedule of reinforcement is being used.

Accepted Answer

A) continuous 
B) duration 
C) interval 
D) intermittent

Question 8

A reinforcer that is based on a number of different back-up reinforcers is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

A) natural reinforcer 
B) generalized reinforcer 
C) intrinsic reinforcer 
D) extrinsic reinforce

Question 9

The procedure used for developing a new behavior by successively reinforcing closer approximations and extinguishing preceding approximations to achieve a final desired behavior is called:

Accepted Answer

A) intermittent reinforcement 
B) shaping 
C) fading 
D) discrimination training

Question 10

Personalized System of Instruction, or PSI, was developed by Fred Keller and his colleagues.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

On Monday, a parent says to a child, "If you clean your room each Saturday morning, I'll give you two dollars." The next Saturday, the child cleans his room.This illustrates an example of:

Accepted Answer

A) a functional response-reinforcer relationship 
B) natural reinforcement 
C) rule-governed behavior 
D) contingency-shaped behavior

Question 12

Thought stopping is likely to be an effective strategy for decreasing persistent, obsessive thoughts provided that it is combined with:

Accepted Answer

A) Ellis's rational emotive therapy 
B) Beck's cognitive therapy 
C) Meichenbaum's self-instructional training 
D) a strategy for increasing desirable alternative thoughts

Question 13

In a publication in 1920, __________and __________described a demonstration of Pavlovian conditioning of a fear response in an 11-month-old infant:

Accepted Answer

A) Ullmann and Kranser 
B) Ayllon and Michael 
C) Watson and Rayner 
D) Keller and Skinner

Question 14

Which of the following is not a tactic for programming stimulus generalization?

Accepted Answer

A) making the training situation as similar as possible to the test situation, and if possible, training in the test situation 
B) programming common stimuli by developing the target behavior to stimuli that are present in both training and test situations 
C) training sufficient response exemplars 
D) training sufficient stimulus exemplars

Question 15

Always having a readily available conditioned reinforcer to strengthen each new response that is added to the sequence in the chain is a theoretical advantage of:

Accepted Answer

A) forward chaining 
B) backward chaining 
C) total task presentation chaining 
D) pure part chaining

Question 16

In Pavlovian conditioning, the CS acquires greater ability to elicit a CR if:

Accepted Answer

A) the CS consistently follows the US by a few seconds 
B) the CS is occasionally paired with the US 
C) the CS consistently precedes the US by a few seconds 
D) the CS is occasionally paired with a strong US

Question 17

Which of the following is not a typical source of help for managing a token economy:

Accepted Answer

A) volunteers 
B) people assigned to work with the participants 
C) psychologists 
D) members of the token economy itself

Question 18

An individual is reinforced if a target response does not occur throughout a particular interval, and each response typically "resets" the interval back to zero.This refers to a(n)________schedule.

Accepted Answer

A) DRI 
B) DRO 
C) DRA 
D) spaced-responding DRL

Question 19

Any characteristic of a stimulus that can be measured on some continuum is referred to as a dimension of a stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Ignoring the behavior of a person is always an example of extinction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 31: Shaping and Schedules of Reinforcement: A Comprehensive Guide

According to Suzie's teacher, "Suzie is a good student because she is highly motivated." This is an example of____________ view of motivation:

An interval recording system is one in which the observation period is scored as occurring or not occurring during very brief observation intervals, each of which is separated by some longer period of time.

Recent studies indicate that the recidivism rates of pre-delinquents who had been in token programs using the teaching family model is about the same as pre-delinquents who had been in traditional programs.

Conditioned sensing involves the operant component of thinking.

A recent review of trends in time-out research concluded that more research was needed to evaluate the relative efficacy of exclusionary vs.nonexclusionary time-out.

When reinforcement occurs after some but not all responses, a(n) _______schedule of reinforcement is being used.

A reinforcer that is based on a number of different back-up reinforcers is called a(n) :

The procedure used for developing a new behavior by successively reinforcing closer approximations and extinguishing preceding approximations to achieve a final desired behavior is called:

Personalized System of Instruction, or PSI, was developed by Fred Keller and his colleagues.

On Monday, a parent says to a child, "If you clean your room each Saturday morning, I'll give you two dollars." The next Saturday, the child cleans his room.This illustrates an example of:

Thought stopping is likely to be an effective strategy for decreasing persistent, obsessive thoughts provided that it is combined with:

In a publication in 1920, and described a demonstration of Pavlovian conditioning of a fear response in an 11-month-old infant:

Which of the following is not a tactic for programming stimulus generalization?

Always having a readily available conditioned reinforcer to strengthen each new response that is added to the sequence in the chain is a theoretical advantage of:

In Pavlovian conditioning, the CS acquires greater ability to elicit a CR if:

Which of the following is not a typical source of help for managing a token economy:

An individual is reinforced if a target response does not occur throughout a particular interval, and each response typically "resets" the interval back to zero.This refers to a(n) ________schedule.

Any characteristic of a stimulus that can be measured on some continuum is referred to as a dimension of a stimulus.

Ignoring the behavior of a person is always an example of extinction.