Question 1

Which process is the most commonly used data-collection method in qualitative studies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Questionnaires
B)   Observation
C)   Semistructured interviews
D)   Focus groups C

Question 2

Because of the huge volume of literature being published by all health-care professions, including nursing, it is important for researchers to develop which type of skills?

Accepted Answer

A)   Active learning
B)   Decision-making
C)   Critical thinking
D)   Critical discernment D

Question 3

One recurring criticism of which of the following is that much of it is accomplished as single studies, and a single study is rarely adequate for making a decision to incorporate a new procedure or technique in a nurse's clinical practice?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary nursing research
B)   Evidence-based research
C)   Comparative effectiveness research
D)   Quasi-experimental research A

Question 4

Informed consent is both an ethical and legal requirement in the research process. Which ethical principle is central to the concept of informed consent?

Accepted Answer

A)   Justice
B)   Beneficence
C)   Self-determination
D)   Nonmaleficence

Question 5

Which action represents the key first step in the research process?

Accepted Answer

A)   Developing a hypothesis
B)   Selecting the study subjects
C)   Determining a study design
D)   Questioning the status quo

Question 6

In qualitative research, which of the following is an important concept that requires the researcher to renegotiate a participant's consent if unanticipated events occur during the interview or observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Implied consent
B)   Express consent
C)   Informed consent
D)   Process consent

Question 7

Because of the nature of nursing and the usual subject matter, which type of designs are best suited to answer questions that interest nurses?

Accepted Answer

A)   Qualitative designs
B)   Quantitative designs
C)   Experimental designs
D)   Mixed-methods designs

Question 8

If the researcher is looking at variables that are independent or objective or that demonstrate cause and effect, which study design would be most suitable?

Accepted Answer

A)   Quantitative design
B)   Qualitative design
C)   Exploratory design
D)   Mixed-methods design

Question 9

Which of the following presents summaries of past research on a particular topic that are easy to understand and, as the volume of health-care literature has expanded, have become more important?

Accepted Answer

A)   Meta-analyses
B)   Systematic reviews
C)   Scientific journals
D)   Clinical trials

Question 10

Before a nurse can graduate with which degree, he or she is expected to plan and carry out an independent program of research?

Accepted Answer

A)   PhD
B)   Doctor of nursing (N
D)  
C)   Doctor of nursing practice (DNP) 
D)   Doctor of nursing science (DNSc)

Question 11

Which type of research study provides the best evidence in an evidence report?

Accepted Answer

A)   Case reports
B)   Correlational studies
C)   Meta-analyses
D)   Quasi-experimental studies

Question 12

Nurses should look for several key elements in evidence reports when attempting to integrate evidence-based practice into their care. The first part of the report should include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Summary statement of the problem
B)   Detailed analysis of data
C)   Grading of the quality of evidence
D)   Materials and methods used for the study

Question 13

Quantitative research is considered the strongest evidence. Which study design is considered the gold standard in quantitative research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cohort trials
B)   Case-control trials
C)   Cross-sectional trials
D)   Randomized clinical trials

Question 14

Under the Affordable Care Act, research projects must engage in which of the following and focus on the development of best practices?

Accepted Answer

A)   Systematic reviews
B)   Meta-analyses
C)   Randomized controlled trials
D)   Comparative effectiveness research

Question 15

Which of the following would be an appropriate action for an associate degree nursing graduate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Assists in data collection within an established structured format
B)   Shares research findings with colleagues
C)   Investigates for the purpose of monitoring the quality of nursing practice in a clinical setting
D)   Translates scientific knowledge into complex clinical interventions

Exam 24: Nursing Research and Evidence-Based Practice