Question 1

Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that the natural state of people was _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  needing education 
B)  needing leadership 
C)  to be social 
D)  benevolent

Question 2

What does utilitarianism think that the good consists of? How would this be applied in some common situations requiring ethical judgment?

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Question 3

Describe the philosophy of hedonism. What does a hedonist think that moral goodness consists of?

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Question 4

Explain the Marxist point of view on justice in the state and the economy.

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Question 5

John Rawls thought that justice should be based on _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  harmony 
B)  fairness 
C)  democracy 
D)  virtue

Question 6

How did Aristotle think about human community? How did his views differ from
Plato's?

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Question 7

What unique perspective does the ethics of care bring to the table as an ethical theory? Describe how an ethics-of-care theorist approaches ethical issues.

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Question 8

What role did Susan Moller Okin think that gender equality plays in overall considerations of justice?

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Question 9

How were Locke's ideas influential in the forming of the American republic?

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Question 10

What did Confucius think was necessary for a just society? Do his recommendations seem sufficient?

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Question 11

Describe Confucius' ideas as to what a just society looks like.

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Question 12

What are some concepts of justice? What is the difference between distributive justice and retributive justice?

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Question 13

Susan Moller Okin drew attention to the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  disproportionate injustices suffered by women 
B)  contributions of women to work 
C)  injustices that are suffered by all 
D)  ways in which economic inequalities pervade our society

Question 14

Confucius thought that the basis for a good society was _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  political harmony and consensus 
B)  attention to the needs of the many 
C)  widespread practice of good customs 
D)  good laws

Question 15

Explain what is distinctive about virtue ethics. Give examples of what Aristotle meant when he claimed that the good is the mean between two extremes.

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Question 16

How did Aristotle describe the nature of man, and how did this inform his views on political order?

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Question 17

Socialism is the political philosophy that places a premium on _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  rule by a strong state 
B)  equality between groups 
C)  the rights of the individual 
D)  the welfare of the community

Question 18

Explain Immanuel Kant's views on the nature of the moral good.

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Question 19

What is speciesism? On what basis does Singer argue against speciesism?

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Exam 10: What Is Social Justice Creating a Just State