Question 1

Sun and shade leaves can be found on the same plant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Leaves that lack a petiole are said to be sessile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Most eudicot leaves have netted venation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

A succulent leaf is one that is specialized for:

Accepted Answer

A)  growth in aqueous habitats. 
B)  chemical defense. 
C)  protection against predators. 
D)  water storage. 
E)  food storage.

Question 5

Bulliform cells are epidermal cells that occur in longitudinal rows.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is(are) NOT produced by the shoot apical meristem?

Accepted Answer

A)  leaf primordia 
B)  a protective covering 
C)  bud primordia 
D)  phytomeres 
E)  cells of the primary plant body

Question 7

Compared with sun leaves, shade leaves:

Accepted Answer

A)  have thicker-walled epidermal cells. 
B)  have a lower ratio of mesophyll surface area to leaf blade surface area. 
C)  have more extensive vascular systems. 
D)  are thicker. 
E)  are smaller.

Question 8

In most monocots, the base of the leaf is expanded into a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  blade. 
B)  stipule. 
C)  sheath. 
D)  lamina. 
E)  petiole.

Question 9

Extensions of vascular tissues into the leaves from the stem are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  leaf traces. 
B)  leaf trace gaps. 
C)  branch traces. 
D)  stem bundles. 
E)  sympodia.

Question 10

The auxin-based model of phyllotaxy states that auxin:

Accepted Answer

A)  in young primordia lower the auxin concentration in neighboring cells. 
B)  in older primordia stimulate internode elongation. 
C)  causes the tunica to buckle. 
D)  in young primordia raises the auxin concentration in neighboring cells. 
E)  in the apical meristem stimulates cells to divide.

Question 11

Which layer(s) of the peripheral zone of the shoot apical meristem are the founder cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  L1 only 
B)  L2 only 
C)  L3 only 
D)  L1 and L2 only 
E)  L1, L2, and L3

Question 12

A prickle is a modification of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a branch. 
B)  a leaf. 
C)  the epidermis. 
D)  a stem. 
E)  a flower.

Question 13

Plants that are characterized as xerophytes:

Accepted Answer

A)  are adapted to areas that are neither too wet nor too dry. 
B)  are adapted to dry habitats. 
C)  grow wholly or partly submerged. 
D)  usually have fewer stomata than other types of plants. 
E)  may lack stomata in some leaves.

Question 14

Stems with closed vascular bundles are capable of secondary growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A leaf having a rachis is a ______ leaf.

Accepted Answer

A)  simple 
B)  palmately compound 
C)  pinnately compound 
D)  whorled 
E)  sessile

Question 16

A stolon is different from a rhizome in that a stolon:

Accepted Answer

A)  is a leaf. 
B)  is a stem. 
C)  is a root. 
D)  grows aboveground. 
E)  grows underground.

Question 17

The initials of the corpus tunica-corpus usually divide anticlinally.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The homeotic mutation that results in "double flowers" in some rose varieties causes ______ to be converted into ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  sepals; carpels 
B)  petals; stamens 
C)  stamens; carpels 
D)  petals; sepals 
E)  stamens; petals

Question 19

Which of the following events does NOT occur in a shoot apex during flower development?

Accepted Answer

A)  A change from determinate to indeterminate growth 
B)  Elongation of the internodes 
C)  Early development of lateral buds below the apex 
D)  An increase in mitosis 
E)  A change in shape of the apex to broad and dome-like

Question 20

Studies of Arabidopsis mutants have identified classes of ______ that affect the identity of floral organs.

Accepted Answer

A)  meristematic activities 
B)  homeotic genes 
C)  hormones 
D)  tunica-corpus organizations 
E)  environmental factors

Exam 25: The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Sun and shade leaves can be found on the same plant.

Leaves that lack a petiole are said to be sessile.

Most eudicot leaves have netted venation.

A succulent leaf is one that is specialized for:

Bulliform cells are epidermal cells that occur in longitudinal rows.

Which of the following is(are) NOT produced by the shoot apical meristem?

Compared with sun leaves, shade leaves:

In most monocots, the base of the leaf is expanded into a ______.

Extensions of vascular tissues into the leaves from the stem are called:

The auxin-based model of phyllotaxy states that auxin:

Which layer(s) of the peripheral zone of the shoot apical meristem are the founder cells?

A prickle is a modification of:

Plants that are characterized as xerophytes:

Stems with closed vascular bundles are capable of secondary growth.

A leaf having a rachis is a ______ leaf.

A stolon is different from a rhizome in that a stolon:

The initials of the corpus tunica-corpus usually divide anticlinally.

The homeotic mutation that results in "double flowers" in some rose varieties causes to be converted into .

Which of the following events does NOT occur in a shoot apex during flower development?

Studies of Arabidopsis mutants have identified classes of ______ that affect the identity of floral organs.