Question 1

The parent of a child who is participating in a research study using high-dose steroids wishes to withdraw the child from the study. Despite reassurance that adverse reactions to steroids in children are uncommon, the parent does not have a change of mind. Which right is the parent exercising by withdrawing the child from the study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Not to be harmed
B)  To self-determination
C)  To full disclosure
D)  Of confidentiality B

Question 2

A newly graduated nurse is working on a medical-surgical unit and appears to have difficulty identifying what needs to be done, as well as selection of interventions and setting goals. Which advice from the nurse manager is most helpful?

Accepted Answer

A)  Follow an experienced nurse for a week.
B)  Contact a former instructor for help and guidance.
C)  Discuss each shift's responsibility with the nurse manager.
D)  Review and discuss the use of clinical practice theories. D

Question 3

The PICO question reads, "Is transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) effective in the management of chronic low-back pain in adults?" Which part of this question comes from the "I" in PICO?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adults
B)  Management
C)  Pain
D)  TENS D

Question 4

The nurse and other hospital personnel strive to keep the patient care area clean. The theory of which nursing theorist most directly illustrates these ideas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Virginia Henderson
B)  Imogene Rigdon
C)  Katherine Kolcaba
D)  Florence Nightingale

Question 5

The nurse is providing care for a patient originating from a country in the Middle East. The patient has a nasogastric (NG) tube for stomach decompression for a blocked bowel. Which statement by the nurse indicates use of the theory developed by Madeline Leininger when the patient asks if a family member can bring in garlic to be administered through the NG tube?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I think the administration of garlic will cause gastric upset."
B)  "I am sure the physician would not be in favor of allowing this."
C)  "Let's give the physician's medical treatment a chance to work first."
D)  "Please explain the association between garlic and your condition."

Question 6

The new nurse working on a surgical unit observes some patients developing a low-grade fever of 99°F (37.2°C) a few hours after surgery. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take to gain some insight into the observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Explore previous patient records for additional data.
B)  Talk to the nurse manager about starting a research study.
C)  Formulate a searchable question, and research the literature.
D)  Speak to the surgeon whose patients are exhibiting symptoms.

Question 7

The nurse is planning to initiate a research project that involves adult patients as participants. The nurse accepts moral and legal responsibility to protect research participants from physical or emotional harm. Which mechanism will the nurse utilize for participant protection?

Accepted Answer

A)  The research facility Board of Directors
B)  The research facility Board of Medical Advisors
C)  The Institutional Review Board (IR
B)   at the research facility
D)  The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services

Question 8

Which theorist developed the nursing theory known as the Science of Human Caring?

Accepted Answer

A)  Florence Nightingale
B)  Patricia Benner
C)  Jean Watson
D)  Nola Pender

Question 9

A 56-year-old patient diagnosed with an acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) makes inappropriate sexual comments to the licensed practical nurse/licensed vocational nurse (LPN/LVN). The LPN/LVN is visibly upset. The registered nurse (RN) assigned to the patient informs the patient that the behavior is unacceptable and will not be tolerated. Is the RN demonstrating holistic nursing or mechanistic nursing? ____________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 56-year-old patient diagnosed with an acute...

Question 10

The nurse researcher is conducting a research study. In preparation for the study, the nurse will develop a method for participants' identification while maintaining privacy and confidentiality. Which method is best for the researcher to use for participant identification?

Accepted Answer

A)  Use a code number for each participant.
B)  Use participant initials only.
C)  Use gender and age only.
D)  Use participant surname only.

Question 11

The American Nurses Association (ANA) has set standards for registered nurses (RNs) in utilizing evidence-based interventions and treatments in practice. According to the ANA, which statements best describe the ANA standards? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  The RN uses current evidence-based nursing knowledge to guide practice decisions.
B)  The RN critically analyzes evidence-based practice and research findings for application to practice.
C)  The RN shares research activities and findings with healthcare peers and others.
D)  The RN uses specific competencies in conducting and integrating research.
E)  The RN Incorporates evidence when initiating changes in nursing practice.

Question 12

The nurse is providing care to a patient who is nauseous, vomiting, experiencing abdominal pain, and has no bowel sounds. The nurse concludes the patient's symptoms may be associated with a paralytic ileus. Which type of thinking is the nurse using to arrive at this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inductive reasoning
B)  Deductive reasoning
C)  Guesswork
D)  Diagnostics

Question 13

The unit committee in the intensive care unit is designing a research study to see whether the spiritual needs of patients are being met. The study will involve patient interviews after discharge. After the interview process, the staff will examine patient statements for recurring themes. The unit committee is conducting ____________________ research.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The unit committee in the intensive care...

Question 14

The nurse educator in the local hospital is developing a plan to implement research into nursing care practices. Which are some of the barriers the nurse educator may encounter in the implementation process? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Not enough nursing research has been published.
B)  There is a negative attitude toward research.
C)  There is a lack of support from the employing hospital.
D)  Most nursing research is not relevant to hospital practice.
E)  Nurses are extremely reluctant to change nursing practice.

Question 15

Professional nurses value the importance and application of nursing theory and research. Which commonly accepted practice came out of the Framingham study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mammography in breast cancer screening
B)  Colonoscopy in colon cancer screening
C)  Papanicolaou (Pap)  testing in cervical cancer screening
D)  Digital rectal examination in prostate cancer screening

Question 16

Which statements best describe the phases of nursing research? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Selection and definition of the problem
B)  Formulation of a research question
C)  Selection of individual participants
D)  Molding data to the research question
E)  Reporting the research findings

Question 17

While reading a journal article, the nurse mentally asks these questions: "What is this about overall? Is it true in whole or in part? Does it matter to my practice?" Which process is this nurse demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reading the article analytically
B)  Performing a literature review
C)  Formulating a searchable question
D)  Determining the soundness of the article

Question 18

The nurse uses the non-nursing theory of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs when providing care. Which patient intervention does the nurse develop to address physiological needs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient is placed on fall precautions due to physical limitations.
B)  Patient will begin cardiac rehabilitation to promote complete recovery.
C)  Patient will use recognition from others as a motive to improve health.
D)  Patient will fulfill cognitive needs effectively through patient education.

Question 19

The nurse researcher is conducting a research study on the association between aging male populations and the development of prostate cancer. The nurse uses a sample of 50 males older than 80 years of age. The quantitative research finds that many of the participants developed cancer after age 80 years. Which is the flaw in this research if the nurse reports all males over 80 years of age will most likely develop prostate cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  The problem statement does not provide enough information.
B)  Sample size is too small to make a generalization.
C)  The research is only valuable to those working with aging males.
D)  The research design is most likely inappropriate for the type of study.

Question 20

A nurse researcher is designing a research project. After identifying and stating the problem, the nurse researcher clarifies the purpose of the study. Which step in the research process does the researcher complete next?

Accepted Answer

A)  Perform a literature review.
B)  Develop a conceptual framework.
C)  Formulate the hypothesis.
D)  Define the study variables.

Exam 8: Theory, Research, Evidence-Based Practice