Anthony Greenwald and His Colleagues (1991)provided Participants with Audiotapes That

Multiple Choice

Anthony Greenwald and his colleagues (1991) provided participants with audiotapes that contained subliminal messages to improve memory or to raise self-esteem.After participants had listened to the tapes,the researchers assessed their memory or self-esteem.Greenwald and his colleagues found that subliminal messages

A) did nothing more than relax participants, improving their performance on memory tasks.
B) increased memory, and this increase in memory lead to increases in self-esteem.
C) did nothing to enhance memory or increase self-esteem.
D) increased self-esteem, but did not improve memory.
E) worked to enhance memory or self-esteem only when participants thought they worked.