Question 1

Current psychological thinking and terminology refers to adolescents who experience same-sex attraction as:

Accepted Answer

A) sexual-majority youth. 
B) sexual-minority youth. 
C) sexual deviants. 
D) identity foreclosed.

Question 2

Which of the following behaviors during the Strange Situation is characteristic of infants who are classified as insecure/avoidant?

Accepted Answer

A) ignores mother when she returns to room 
B) displays severe distress when mother leaves room 
C) clings to mother rather than playing with toys 
D) while playing, looks back to check on mother

Question 3

Who would most likely be successful at the "rouge test"?

Accepted Answer

A) Lily, 6 months 
B) Sondra, 19 months 
C) Kylie, 15 months 
D) Marlene, 12 months

Question 4

The concept of the personal fable refers to adolescents' inclination to:

Accepted Answer

A) lie to their parents. 
B) boast about their abilities. 
C) regard their feelings as unique and special. 
D) believe they are invincible. 
E) have high self-esteem.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is part of an individual's internal working model of attachment, as proposed by Bowlby?

Accepted Answer

A) expectations about whether or not interpersonal relationships will be rewarding 
B) thoughts about whether or not one is physically attractive 
C) notions about whether or not other people are generally intelligent 
D) All of these are parts of an individual's internal working model of attachment according to Bowlby.

Question 6

Which of the following social factors is likely to promote the development of high self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A) parental sensitivity 
B) peer acceptance 
C) parental condemnation of children's behavior rather than the children themselves 
D) parental sensitivity and peer acceptance 
E) peer acceptance and parental condemnation of children's behavior rather than the children themselves
F)All of these social factors are likely to promote the development of high self-esteem.

Question 7

Research has indicated that adolescents in which of the following states are LEAST likely to move into identity achievement?

Accepted Answer

A) identity diffusion 
B) moratorium 
C) foreclosure 
D) All of the answers are equally unlikely to move into identity achievement.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is true about the coming-out process for sexual-minority youth?

Accepted Answer

A) All sexual-minority individuals experienced same- sex attraction by middle childhood. 
B) All sexual-minority individuals eventually attain identity integration. 
C) All sexual-minority individuals identify themselves as gay or lesbian prior to engaging in same-sex sexual activity. 
D) None of these are true statements.

Question 9

When evaluating parental attachment status, parents who give confused and angry accounts of their childhood are classified as:

Accepted Answer

A) autonomous. 
B) dismissing. 
C) preoccupied. 
D) unresolved.

Question 10

Which of the following actions is the portion of the Strange Situation that most indicates the quality of the attachment bond?

Accepted Answer

A) separations from the caregiver 
B) reunions with the caregiver 
C) interactions with a stranger 
D) contact with novel objects

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true about the coming-out process for sexual-minority youth?

Accepted Answer

A) It is uncommon for parents to be positive or accepting of their children coming out. 
B) Parents' acceptance of their children's sexual orientation appears to be unrelated to sexual-minority youth's self-esteem or levels of depression. 
C) Sexual-minority youth tend to come out to their fathers before their mothers. 
D) Latino and Asian-American families appear to be less accepting of same-sex attractions than are Euro- American families.

Question 12

Bowlby's theory of attachment is based on:

Accepted Answer

A) sociocultural theory. 
B) ethological theory. 
C) ecological theory. 
D) Bowlby's theory of attachment is not based on any of these theories.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to be true of ethnic minority adolescents?

Accepted Answer

A) They may face peer pressures that are inconsistent with the values of the majority culture. 
B) Adoption of the values and behaviors of the majority culture is often met with acceptance by other members of the minority group. 
C) They are more likely than ethnic majority adolescents to have a foreclosed identity. 
D) Their awareness of the discrimination against their group may cause ambivalence about their ethnic status.

Question 14

Young adolescents' self-conceptions are:

Accepted Answer

A) abstract. 
B) focused to a considerable degree on their social competence. 
C) often seemingly contradictory. 
D) abstract and focused on their social competence. 
E) often seemingly contradictory and focused to a considerable degree on their social competence.
F)abstract, often seemingly contradictory, and focused on their social competence.

Question 15

Flora is 3 years old and is a member of an ethnic minority group. Which of the following actions is Flora LEAST likely to do?

Accepted Answer

A) engage in some behaviors characteristic of the ethnic group 
B) label herself with the name of the ethnic group 
C) understand that she will always be a member of the ethnic group 
D) possess simple knowledge about the ethnic group

Question 16

Describe the four identity-status categories into which researchers classify adolescents. For each category, provide the criteria used to classify individuals into the category. Then, describe how each of these categories is associated with adjustment and social behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the four identity-status categories into which...

Question 17

In comparison to the self concept of a typical preschool child, the self concept of a typical late- elementary-school child is all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) more complex. 
B) based to a greater extent on peer relationships. 
C) more likely to involve positive illusions of abilities. 
D) more likely to include social comparisons.

Question 18

Of the following options, which is the MOST likely source of the differences in peer relationships between children who were securely attached as infants and those who were insecurely attached as infants?

Accepted Answer

A) differences in intelligence 
B) differences in opportunities for peer interaction 
C) differences in abilities to use social comparisons 
D) differences in internal working models

Question 19

Which of the following emotions is an indicator that a child has a sense of self?

Accepted Answer

A) happiness 
B) anger 
C) sadness 
D) shame

Question 20

A child who has developed an interest in his or her ethnic identity and has begun to think about the
effects his or her ethnic identity will have in the future is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A) ethnic-identity diffusion/foreclosure. 
B) ethnic-identity attachment. 
C) ethnic-identity search/moratorium. 
D) ethnic-identity achievement.

Exam 11: Attachment to Others and Development of Self

Current psychological thinking and terminology refers to adolescents who experience same-sex attraction as:

Which of the following behaviors during the Strange Situation is characteristic of infants who are classified as insecure/avoidant?

Who would most likely be successful at the "rouge test"?

The concept of the personal fable refers to adolescents' inclination to:

Which of the following statements is part of an individual's internal working model of attachment, as proposed by Bowlby?

Which of the following social factors is likely to promote the development of high self-esteem?

Research has indicated that adolescents in which of the following states are LEAST likely to move into identity achievement?

Which of the following statements is true about the coming-out process for sexual-minority youth?

When evaluating parental attachment status, parents who give confused and angry accounts of their childhood are classified as:

Which of the following actions is the portion of the Strange Situation that most indicates the quality of the attachment bond?

Which of the following statements is true about the coming-out process for sexual-minority youth?

Bowlby's theory of attachment is based on:

Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to be true of ethnic minority adolescents?

Young adolescents' self-conceptions are:

Flora is 3 years old and is a member of an ethnic minority group. Which of the following actions is Flora LEAST likely to do?

Describe the four identity-status categories into which researchers classify adolescents. For each category, provide the criteria used to classify individuals into the category. Then, describe how each of these categories is associated with adjustment and social behavior.

In comparison to the self concept of a typical preschool child, the self concept of a typical late- elementary-school child is all of the following except:

Of the following options, which is the MOST likely source of the differences in peer relationships between children who were securely attached as infants and those who were insecurely attached as infants?

Which of the following emotions is an indicator that a child has a sense of self?

A child who has developed an interest in his or her ethnic identity and has begun to think about the effects his or her ethnic identity will have in the future is experiencing: