Question 1

One of the criticisms of Erikson, advanced by Robert White, is that Erikson

Accepted Answer

A)   overlooked the need for anthropological fieldwork
B)   didn't fully recognize maturational forces
C)   didn't fully recognize the importance of a historical perspective
D)   didn't capture all ego development in his concepts of modes D

Question 2

A child who is very curious, ambitious, and imaginative is most likely to be at Erikson's stage of

Accepted Answer

A)   trust vs. mistrust
B)   autonomy vs. shame, doubt
C)   initiative vs. guilt
D)   industry vs. inferiority C

Question 3

Erikson's stages, compared to Piaget's stages, are

Accepted Answer

A)   more universal
B)   more difficult to attain
C)   more maturationally governed
D)   all of the above C

Question 4

A favorable resolution of the conflict between identity and role confusion leads to a sense of

Accepted Answer

A)   purpose
B)   ego integrity
C)   care
D)   fidelity

Question 5

Ego integrity most basically includes

Accepted Answer

A)   a complete honesty in one's relations to others
B)   acceptance of the past as something that had to be
C)   not dwelling on the past but remaining cheerful in the present
D)   an ability to remain active and youthful in spirit

Question 6

Erikson's stages, compared to Freud's,

Accepted Answer

A)   unfold in an invariant sequence
B)   are more general
C)   are more closely tied to libidinal zones
D)   are less hierarchically organized

Question 7

A favorable resolution of the conflict between initiative and guilt in Erikson's theory leads to a sense of

Accepted Answer

A)   competence
B)   purpose
C)   industry
D)   will

Question 8

Erikson seems to regard identity foreclosure as

Accepted Answer

A)   a necessary stage for all of us to go through
B)   tied to postconventional thought
C)   impoverishing the personality
D)   all of the above

Question 9

Looking at old age, Erikson focused on

Accepted Answer

A)   the inner struggle for meaning
B)   the problem of being useless in America
C)   social and physical losses that require new adjustments
D)   the various styles people use to remain young and active

Question 10

For Erikson, gaining maturity in adulthood primarily means

Accepted Answer

A)   caring for others
B)   finding one's unique identity
C)   persevering in one's goals
D)   gaining independence

Question 11

A psychosocial moratorium occurs at Erikson's stage of

Accepted Answer

A)   industry vs. inferiority
B)   intimacy vs. isolation
C)   initiative vs. guilt
D)   identity vs. role confusion

Question 12

On which issue are the stage theories of Erikson and Piaget in agreement?

Accepted Answer

A)   whether all people reach the highest stages
B)   whether the stages represent hierarchic integrations
C)   whether biological maturation is a powerful force
D)   whether the stages are qualitatively different

Question 13

The issue of parental discipline usually first arises at Erikson's stage of

Accepted Answer

A)   trust vs. mistrust
B)   autonomy vs. shame, doubt
C)   initiative vs. guilt
D)   industry vs. inferiority

Question 14

According to Erikson, trust ultimately depends on

Accepted Answer

A)   the infant's feeling that he or she is loved
B)   the parents' consistency and predictability
C)   the resolution of anger in the mother/infant bond
D)   the parents' own confidence

Exam 12: Erikson and the Eight Stages of Life