Question 1

According to Sternberg, your college grades would reflect your ________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)   fluid
B)   analytical
C)   experiential
D)   practical
E)   creativ. B

Question 2

Since the 1990s, what has happened to the trend in intelligence scores called the Flynn effect?

Accepted Answer

A)   The Flynn effect has reversed for men but not for women.
B)   The Flynn effect seems to have stabilized in less developed countries but not in European samples.
C)   The Flynn effect has reversed for women but not for men.
D)   The Flynn effect has reversed itself worldwide, with IQ scores not dropping in each generation.
E)   The Flynn effect seems to have stabilized in European samples but not in less developed countries. E

Question 3

Riley has figured out how to unlock his bedroom door with a paper clip. What has he most likely overcome in his new use of the paper clip?

Accepted Answer

A)   functional fixednes.
B)   the representational problem
C)   the representative bias
D)   the confirmation bia.
E)   the mental set A

Question 4

Because it had to be administered ________, the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale was not as ________ as other intelligence tests.

Accepted Answer

A)   in groups; standardized
B)   individually; economical
C)   quickly; valid
D)   often; reliable
E)   only one time; consistent

Question 5

Describe the roles played by schemas and scripts in rational thought.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the roles played by schemas and...

Question 6

Tim and Jim are identical twins who were raised apart. Ned and Ed are fraternal twins who were raised together. Which pair of twins will have more similar IQ scores, if either?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tim and Ji.
B)   Ned and E.
C)   Their IQs will be the same, because environment and genetics interact equally across both cases.
D)   It is impossible to answer based on the given information.
E)   All twins have the same IQ.

Question 7

A heuristic is BEST described as a

Accepted Answer

A)   rule of thumb.
B)   step-by-step procedure.
C)   time-consuming process that guarantees success.
D)   schema.
E)   categorization process from general to specific.

Question 8

Which of the following pairs of children features one child who would be classified as suffering from an intellectual disability and one child who would be classified as gifted?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tammy's IQ is 88, and Preki's IQ is 188.
B)   Pua's IQ is 99, and Jared's IQ is 115.
C)   Brock's IQ is 79, and Chandler's IQ is 112.
D)   Bill's IQ is 54, and Missy's IQ is 137.
E)   Ricardo's IQ is 14, and Herve's IQ is 84.

Question 9

Many of the "flaws" in our reasoning abilities caused by our use of heuristics are the by-product of

Accepted Answer

A)   classical conditioning.
B)   insanity.
C)   an adaptive strategy.
D)   fuzzy logic.
E)   our changing brains.

Question 10

Compared to artificial concepts learned in science and math, natural concepts tend to be

Accepted Answer

A)   easier to learn.
B)   very clear and well defined.
C)   fuzzy with unclear boundaries.
D)   good fits with a rigid classification system.
E)   biologically innate.

Question 11

Seventy percent of the students in a classroom are women and 30 percent are men. One student is described as ambitious, athletic, and assertive. Why are most people likely to think this description refers to a male student?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are using the availability bias.
B)   They are using the representativeness bias.
C)   People seek only confirming information.
D)   People tend to make relative comparisons.
E)   People base their assumptions on what the media tells us is common.

Question 12

Which influential psychologist proposed a theory that led to legislation in 1924 that would limit the immigration of groups believed to be of inferior intellect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Alfred Binet
B)   Sir Francis Galton
C)   Henry Goddard
D)   Charles Spearman
E)   Theodore Simon

Question 13

Shelley Carson's research examining the relationship between creativity and schizotypal personality traits has come to explain this relationship by looking at the common factor of ________. This factor examines how people think outside the box and are not bound by what others consider proper thought processes.

Accepted Answer

A)   mental habituation
B)   psychological flexibility
C)   Gestalt balancing
D)   cognitive disinhibition
E)   System 2 thinking

Question 14

A person who uses a drop of super glue to seal a paper cut on her finger has overcome the obstacle to effective problem solving called

Accepted Answer

A)   working backward.
B)   regression to the average.
C)   functional fixedness.
D)   the anchoring bias.
E)   the representativeness heuristic.

Question 15

You ask a student to describe the path to his dorm room. The most likely way in which he will do this is to

Accepted Answer

A)   recite a rote list of directions he memorized.
B)   give you the GPS location of his dorm room.
C)   walk through a mental image of the path and describe it to you as he does it.
D)   draw a diagram on a piece of paper and then point out where you should go.
E)   none of these answers are correct

Question 16

Talia is looking for her cat by methodically searching each room and then closing the door. She is using what type of problem-solving strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)   an algorith.
B)   a heuristi.
C)   a means-end strategy
D)   a hunch
E)   a mental set

Question 17

In his decades-long study of giftedness, Lewis Terman found that

Accepted Answer

A)   there were surprisingly few professionals in his sample.
B)   there were a great many professionals and even an "Einstein" or two.
C)   most gifted children generally grew up to be healthy and happy adults.
D)   academic success was unrelated to IQ.
E)   high IQ was practically a guarantee of wealth and fame.

Question 18

You believe that a test is going to turn out badly, but then you get an A on that test. If you then tell friends that you knew all along that you would do well on the test, you are showing

Accepted Answer

A)   hindsight bias.
B)   anchoring bias.
C)   student bias.
D)   availability bias.
E)   convergent thinking.

Question 19

Einstein would be considered to be ________ in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   low; creativity
B)   low; crystallized intelligenc.
C)   moderate; g
D)   high; fluid intelligenc.
E)   low; g

Question 20

On an IQ test, a child named Phil scores a mental age of 7 years. What is his IQ score?

Accepted Answer

A)   His IQ matches his chronological age.
B)   His chronological age is 7 years.
C)   The average age of people receiving that score is 7 years.
D)   Phil got about seven questions right in each section of the test.
E)   IQ scores cannot be calculated from the information that is provided.

Exam 6: Thinking and Intelligence