Question 1

Millman contended that _______________ errors resulted in unfavorable letters of recommendation for those seeking jobs and social isolation from other physicians in the hospital.

Accepted Answer

A)  Moral. 
B)  Technical. 
C)  Accidental. 
D)  Real. 
E)  Personal.

Question 2

What restricted the evaluation of work and discouraged the expression of criticism within physician circles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rules of etiquette. 
B)  Laws. 
C)  Formal sanctions. 
D)  Hospital guidelines. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 3

______________were established in 1970 in conjunction with Medicaid and Medicare, to review and evaluate the medical care given to patients eligible to use these services.

Accepted Answer

A)  PSROs. 
B)  DRGs. 
C)  HMOs. 
D)  PPOs. 
E)  AMAs.

Question 4

Which group may hold doctorates in their field?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nurses. 
B)  Physical therapists. 
C)  Pharmacists. 
D)  Nutritionists. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 5

One of the most extensive changes in health care delivery, reducing the authority of physicians, has been the introduction of managed care.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Free-standing emergency centers do not take business from hospitals..

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The rise of the profit orientation in medicine signifies a trend in medical practice away from formal rationality toward greater substantive rationality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Millman contended that ________________ errors could be forgiven and often had the result of motivating the offending physician to work harder, spend more time with patients, double-check procedures, and learn from the mistake.

Accepted Answer

A)  Moral. 
B)  Technical. 
C)  Accidental. 
D)  Real. 
E)  Personal.

Question 9

Mistakes and errors in medical practice, through neglect or ignorance, can sometimes be defended as:

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural latitude. 
B)  A difference of opinion. 
C)  Accidental. 
D)  Unintentional. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 10

Freidson argues that it can be ___________ that physicians are dedicated to their patients.

Accepted Answer

A)  Guessed. 
B)  Believed. 
C)  Denied. 
D)  Assumed. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 11

_______________ are composed of licensed physicians and osteopaths who determine if the services rendered are medically necessary, meet professional standards of quality, and are provided as efficiently and effectively as possible.

Accepted Answer

A)  PSROs. 
B)  DRGs. 
C)  HMOs. 
D)  PPOs. 
E)  AMAs.

Question 12

What does the term "countervailing power" mean? What are the sources of this notion? Discuss.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What does the term "countervailing power" mean?...

Question 13

Rising costs of health care resulted in physician demands for government intervention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

__________________ considerations have become a primary motivation among physicians, hospitals, and private health insurance companies.

Accepted Answer

A)  Economic. 
B)  Social. 
C)  Governmental. 
D)  Insurance. 
E)  All of the above.

Question 15

Millman contended that _______ errors, if they were made in "good faith," were less serious than _______

Accepted Answer

A)  Technical; moral. 
B)  Moral; technical. 
C)  Accidental; real. 
D)  Real; accidental. 
E)  Accidental; personal.

Question 16

Is there a deprofessionalization of physicians occurring? Why? Why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Is there a deprofessionalization of physicians occurring?...

Question 17

Which is a feature of a free-standing emergency center?

Accepted Answer

A)  Open around 18-24 hours a day, 7 days a week. 
B)  Attend to their patients with a minimum of waiting time. 
C)  Treat cuts, broken bones, bruises, and minor ailments. 
D)  Sometimes these are located in shopping centers or other convenient locations. 
E)  All of the above are features.

Question 18

The movement of public opinion has been toward less confidence in physician authority.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Medical standards and practices continue to be regulated by the practitioners themselves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is a gatekeeper?

Accepted Answer

A)  Typically, the government. 
B)  A primary care physician who screens patients prior to referring them to a specialist. 
C)  A physician who blocks the review of another physician in an attempt to protect him/her. 
D)  None of the above. 
E)  All of the above.

Exam 11: The Physician in a Changing Society

Millman contended that _______________ errors resulted in unfavorable letters of recommendation for those seeking jobs and social isolation from other physicians in the hospital.

What restricted the evaluation of work and discouraged the expression of criticism within physician circles?

______________were established in 1970 in conjunction with Medicaid and Medicare, to review and evaluate the medical care given to patients eligible to use these services.

Which group may hold doctorates in their field?

One of the most extensive changes in health care delivery, reducing the authority of physicians, has been the introduction of managed care.

Free-standing emergency centers do not take business from hospitals..

The rise of the profit orientation in medicine signifies a trend in medical practice away from formal rationality toward greater substantive rationality.

Millman contended that ________________ errors could be forgiven and often had the result of motivating the offending physician to work harder, spend more time with patients, double-check procedures, and learn from the mistake.

Mistakes and errors in medical practice, through neglect or ignorance, can sometimes be defended as:

Freidson argues that it can be ___________ that physicians are dedicated to their patients.

_______________ are composed of licensed physicians and osteopaths who determine if the services rendered are medically necessary, meet professional standards of quality, and are provided as efficiently and effectively as possible.

What does the term "countervailing power" mean? What are the sources of this notion? Discuss.

Rising costs of health care resulted in physician demands for government intervention.

__________________ considerations have become a primary motivation among physicians, hospitals, and private health insurance companies.

Millman contended that _ errors, if they were made in "good faith," were less serious than _

Is there a deprofessionalization of physicians occurring? Why? Why not?

Which is a feature of a free-standing emergency center?

The movement of public opinion has been toward less confidence in physician authority.

Medical standards and practices continue to be regulated by the practitioners themselves.

What is a gatekeeper?