Question 1

According to Wortley, pressures are factors that make an individual uncomfortable, frustrated, irritable, or otherwise aroused to the point of taking some form of action.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT one of the major categories of situational techniques presented in the Cornish and Clarke typology?

Accepted Answer

A)   increase the effort
B)   increase the risks
C)   reduce proclivities
D)   remove excuses
E)   all of the above are major categories C

Question 3

___________ are electronic devices that, in the absence of the key, prevent the car from operating.

Accepted Answer

A)   Immobilizers
B)   Car monitors
C)   Boots
D)   Guardian keys
E)   none of the above A

Question 4

Routine activities theory posits that all but which of the following are needed for crime?

Accepted Answer

A)   absence of guardians
B)   suitable targets
C)   crime scripts
D)   motivated offenders
E)   all of the above are needed

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a common misconception about situational prevention?

Accepted Answer

A)   it is simplistic and atheoretical
B)   it diverts attention from root causes
C)   it blames the victim
D)   it promotes an exclusionary society
E)   all of the above are misconceptions

Question 6

Situational crime prevention can be traced to the work of:

Accepted Answer

A)   the National Institute of Justice
B)   the Crime Prevention Council
C)   the British Home Office
D)   hot spots research
E)   none of the above

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT part of the 5Is?

Accepted Answer

A)   Intelligence
B)   Interruption
C)   Intervention
D)   Implementation
E)   all of the above are part

Question 8

Routine activities theory posits that individuals make decisions on whether to commit an offense based on an array of inputs, including the effort involved, the potential payoff, the degree of peer support for the action, the risk of apprehension and punishment, and the needs of the individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Situational studies of motor vehicle theft have found:

Accepted Answer

A)   major impact of restricting access
B)   immobilizers have no impact on overall theft
C)   little change due to CCTV in any location
D)   no displacement
E)   none of the above

Question 10

Which of the following was NOT one of Clarke's original (1983) types of situational prevention?

Accepted Answer

A)   surveillance
B)   target hardening
C)   Operation Identification
D)   environmental management
E)   all of the above were types

Question 11

Wortley argues that Clarke and Homel's situational prevention typology is incomplete and suggests that there are four precipitators to crime. Which of the following is NOT a precipitator?

Accepted Answer

A)   provocations
B)   perceptions
C)   permissibility
D)   prompts
E)   all of the above are precipitators

Question 12

SARA stands for Scanning, Analysis, Response, and Assessment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

____________ argues that criminal behavior fits patterns that can be understood in terms of when and where crime occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)   Crime pattern theory
B)   Environmental theory
C)   Rational choice theory
D)   Crime scripts
E)   none of the above

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT one of the key theoretical bases for situational prevention?

Accepted Answer

A)   crime pattern theory
B)   lifestyles perspective
C)   routine activities perspective
D)   rational choice theory
E)   all of the above are theoretical bases

Question 15

The appearance that offenders' behavior is based on little conscious thought or choice may be due to the fact that individuals rely on crime scripts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The lifestyle perspective specifically focuses on the activity of the victim as a contributing factor in criminal acts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Wortley argued that the matrix of situational prevention underemphasized elements that can control or inhibit offending, and gave too much attention to factors that precipitate or lead to crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Displacement and Diffusion

According to Wortley, pressures are factors that make an individual uncomfortable, frustrated, irritable, or otherwise aroused to the point of taking some form of action.

Which of the following is NOT one of the major categories of situational techniques presented in the Cornish and Clarke typology?

___________ are electronic devices that, in the absence of the key, prevent the car from operating.

Routine activities theory posits that all but which of the following are needed for crime?

Which of the following is NOT a common misconception about situational prevention?

Situational crime prevention can be traced to the work of:

Which of the following is NOT part of the 5Is?

Routine activities theory posits that individuals make decisions on whether to commit an offense based on an array of inputs, including the effort involved, the potential payoff, the degree of peer support for the action, the risk of apprehension and punishment, and the needs of the individual.

Situational studies of motor vehicle theft have found:

Which of the following was NOT one of Clarke's original (1983) types of situational prevention?

Wortley argues that Clarke and Homel's situational prevention typology is incomplete and suggests that there are four precipitators to crime. Which of the following is NOT a precipitator?

SARA stands for Scanning, Analysis, Response, and Assessment.

____________ argues that criminal behavior fits patterns that can be understood in terms of when and where crime occurs.

Which of the following is NOT one of the key theoretical bases for situational prevention?

The appearance that offenders' behavior is based on little conscious thought or choice may be due to the fact that individuals rely on crime scripts.

The lifestyle perspective specifically focuses on the activity of the victim as a contributing factor in criminal acts.

Wortley argued that the matrix of situational prevention underemphasized elements that can control or inhibit offending, and gave too much attention to factors that precipitate or lead to crime.