Question 1

Identities are

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed by both genotype and phenotype.
B)   fictions.
C)   creative constructs and therefore of little real consequence.
D)   not fixed; they are fluid and multiple.
E)   never dependent on context. D

Question 2

Worldwide, concern about environmental and technological risks is more developed in groups that are less endangered by those risks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

All of the following are examples of key forces in modern global culture EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   finance.
B)   essentialism.
C)   production.
D)   the media.
E)   commerce. B

Question 4

In Latin America, the drive by indigenous peoples for self-identification has emphasized their autochthony, with an implicit call for excluding strangers from their communities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Identities are not fixed; they are fluid and multiple. People seize on particular, sometimes competing, self-labels and identities, depending on context.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The spread of environmentalism may expose radically different notions about the rights and values of plants and animals versus humans. Fortunately, it is clear to everyone that certain animal rights trump other rights.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Although acculturation can be applied to any case of cultural contact and change, the term most often has described Westernization, the positive influence of Western expansion that has spread democratic and capitalistic values to those less fortunate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

________ refers to the blurring and breakdown of established canons-rules, standards, categories, distinctions, and boundaries.

Accepted Answer

A)   Entropy
B)   Diaspora
C)   Chaos
D)   Agoraphobia
E)   Postmodern

Question 9

To Arjun Appadurai (1990), "________" describes the linkages in the modern world that have both enlarged and erased old boundaries and distinctions.

Accepted Answer

A)   ethnocentric
B)   postmodern
C)   translocal
D)   essentialized
E)   diasporic

Question 10

Mass media can play an important role in constructing and maintaining national and ethnic identities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

When people are asked to give up the basis of their livelihood, they usually comply, especially if they are paid money.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Scientists prefer the term climate change to global warming. Climate change points out that, beyond rising temperatures, there have been changes in sea levels, precipitation, storms, and ecosystem effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Cultural forces are indigenized when native traditions are presented to and appreciated by the former colonialists, who then acknowledge these forces as indigenous or native.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The last 30 years have seen a dramatic shift in the conditions of indigenous peoples in Latin America, where the push by indigenous peoples for self-identification has emphasized all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   their cultural distinctiveness.
B)   limited self-government.
C)   an implicit call for excluding strangers.
D)   political reforms involving a restructuring of the state.
E)   sustainable development and political representation.

Question 15

Anthropology has always been concerned with how environmental forces influence humans, and how human activities affect the biosphere and the Earth itself. The 1950s through the 1970s witnessed the emergence of an area of study known as cultural ecology or ecological anthropology. This field

Accepted Answer

A)   has limited value in the present day, because it is not scientifically rigorous enough to address environmental problems.
B)   studied etic perspectives on human-environment relationships.
C)   focused on how cultural beliefs and practices help human populations adapt to their environment.
D)   is no longer relevant, because it dealt with research models that were either regional or local, but not global enough to account for the changes caused by climate change.
E)   studied human-environment relations as cultural constructions and analyzed them as "texts."

Question 16

Today's ecological anthropology, also known as environmental anthropology, attempts not only to understand environmental problems but also to

Accepted Answer

A)   promote the concepts of environmental rights, even at the expense of cultural rights.
B)   find solutions, acknowledging that ecosystems management involves multiple levels.
C)   work closely with state agencies, among whom these anthropologists do most of their ethnography, to promote institutional change.
D)   prescribe top-down solutions to ecological problems.
E)   contribute to development projects that sometimes, out of necessity, replace indigenous institutions with culturally alien concepts.

Question 17

Essentialism refers to the process of viewing an identity as established, real, and frozen, so as to hide the historical processes and politics within which that identity developed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

________ refers to the changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact.

Accepted Answer

A)   Colonialism
B)   Enculturation
C)   Hegemony
D)   Diffusion
E)   Acculturation

Question 19

The term indigenous people gained legitimacy within international law with the creation in 1982 of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Westernization is a form of what kind of cultural change?

Accepted Answer

A)   imperialism
B)   enculturation
C)   acculturation
D)   exodus
E)   migration

Exam 19: Anthropologys Role in a Globalizing World

Identities are

Worldwide, concern about environmental and technological risks is more developed in groups that are less endangered by those risks.

All of the following are examples of key forces in modern global culture EXCEPT

In Latin America, the drive by indigenous peoples for self-identification has emphasized their autochthony, with an implicit call for excluding strangers from their communities.

Identities are not fixed; they are fluid and multiple. People seize on particular, sometimes competing, self-labels and identities, depending on context.

The spread of environmentalism may expose radically different notions about the rights and values of plants and animals versus humans. Fortunately, it is clear to everyone that certain animal rights trump other rights.

Although acculturation can be applied to any case of cultural contact and change, the term most often has described Westernization, the positive influence of Western expansion that has spread democratic and capitalistic values to those less fortunate.

________ refers to the blurring and breakdown of established canons-rules, standards, categories, distinctions, and boundaries.

To Arjun Appadurai (1990) , "________" describes the linkages in the modern world that have both enlarged and erased old boundaries and distinctions.

Mass media can play an important role in constructing and maintaining national and ethnic identities.

When people are asked to give up the basis of their livelihood, they usually comply, especially if they are paid money.

Scientists prefer the term climate change to global warming. Climate change points out that, beyond rising temperatures, there have been changes in sea levels, precipitation, storms, and ecosystem effects.

Cultural forces are indigenized when native traditions are presented to and appreciated by the former colonialists, who then acknowledge these forces as indigenous or native.

The last 30 years have seen a dramatic shift in the conditions of indigenous peoples in Latin America, where the push by indigenous peoples for self-identification has emphasized all of the following EXCEPT

Anthropology has always been concerned with how environmental forces influence humans, and how human activities affect the biosphere and the Earth itself. The 1950s through the 1970s witnessed the emergence of an area of study known as cultural ecology or ecological anthropology. This field

Today's ecological anthropology, also known as environmental anthropology, attempts not only to understand environmental problems but also to

Essentialism refers to the process of viewing an identity as established, real, and frozen, so as to hide the historical processes and politics within which that identity developed.

________ refers to the changes that result when groups come into continuous firsthand contact.

The term indigenous people gained legitimacy within international law with the creation in 1982 of the United Nations Working Group on Indigenous Populations.

Westernization is a form of what kind of cultural change?