Question 1

When Jonesy makes his rounds around the production floor, he keeps $50 VISA gift cards in his pockets. If he sees someone going above-and-beyond their role, he hands them a gift card. The employees never know when Jonesy will make his rounds, but anticipating his appearance causes people to work hard to get rewarded. This is an example of which type of intermittent reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed ratio schedule 
B)  fixed interval schedule 
C)  variable interval schedule 
D)  variable ratio schedule

Question 2

Which factor that influences our perception is seen in terms of contrast?

Accepted Answer

A)  the comprehender 
B)  the perceiver 
C)  the environment 
D)  the focal object

Question 3

An example was given in the text of a world-famous violinist, Josh Bell, being wildly popular in concert but not even recognized by concertgoers when in a subway station. Relate the example to the three main factors that influence perception.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An example was given in the text...

Question 4

Of the factors that influence and perhaps distort perception, which one is not discussed in the textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  the comprehender 
B)  the perceiver 
C)  the environment 
D)  the focal object

Question 5

When looking at classical conditioning, neutral stimulus is also called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned stimulus 
B)  conditioned response 
C)  unconditioned stimulus 
D)  reinforcement theory

Question 6

Which element of the behavioral perspective listed below is defined as the process of forming associations between learning and behavior that occurs when the consequences of behavior are being controlled?

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning 
B)  conditioned response 
C)  reinforcement theory 
D)  classical conditioning

Question 7

Which of the following is not a factor brought to the perceptual process by the perceiver?

Accepted Answer

A)  setting 
B)  attitude 
C)  culture 
D)  value

Question 8

Saul is a fisherman in his small village. Skyler, his wife, was tired of him missing dinner. She decided to display a red light on her front porch of the little house by the sea to alert him when dinner was ready. Every time he saw the red light, he felt hungry, and he immediately went home. This is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  an unconditioned stimulus because he just knew when it was time for dinner 
B)  a neutral stimulus because the red light did not elicit a response 
C)  a conditioned response to the red light because he was reinforced for coming home 
D)  a conditioned response to the red light, such as feeling hunger pangs or salivating

Question 9

To Tom's dismay, Ron at the Taco shack is not selling many tacos. Tom thinks that Ron is lazy and not working hard enough, and Ron thinks his lack of sales is due to working the slow shifts. Both Tom and Ron are looking at the same situation. Explain how they can have different ideas in terms of attribution theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To Tom's dismay, Ron at the Taco...

Question 10

Which item below shows how cognitive processes mediate the effects of reinforcers on behavior, and how behavior influences both reinforcers and cognitive processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  triadic reciprocal model of behavior 
B)  classical conditioning model 
C)  reciprocal behavior 
D)  reinforcers

Question 11

Russ has been on time for work all year, consistently going above and beyond his duties. However, in the month before his performance appraisal, he had the flu and his whole family became sick, causing him to frequently be absent and exhibit lower-than-normal performance. As a result, his annual performance appraisal was somewhat negative. It is likely that Russ's boss committed which of the following perceptual errors?

Accepted Answer

A)  impression management 
B)  self-fulfilling prophecy 
C)  recency effect 
D)  primacy effect

Question 12

Which perceptual distortion stated in the textbook is explained as something that takes place when people rank something higher or lower than they should as a result of exposure to recent events or situations?

Accepted Answer

A)  primacy effect 
B)  contrast effect 
C)  selective attention 
D)  self-fulfilling prophecy

Question 13

The practical application of reinforcement in the workplace is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  reinforcement theory 
B)  extinction 
C)  organizational behavior modification 
D)  schedule of reinforcement

Question 14

What factor that influences our internal and external attributions listed below is the extent to which a person responds in the same way over a period of time?

Accepted Answer

A)  dispute 
B)  distinctiveness 
C)  consistency 
D)  consensus

Question 15

What element below is not explained in the textbook regarding perceptual distortions?

Accepted Answer

A)  stereotypes 
B)  convey affect 
C)  self-fulfilling prophecy 
D)  impression management

Question 16

The effect of a conditioned stimulus is a/an ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned response 
B)  conditioned response 
C)  unconditioned stimulus 
D)  neutral stimulus

Question 17

The statement "perceptions are shaped by past experiences, culture, attitude, values, and upbringing" relates to which factor that influences perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  the comprehender 
B)  the perceiver 
C)  the environment 
D)  focal object

Question 18

A Harvard Business Review study found that business executives who behave in an ingratiating manner toward their CEOs are also the ones most likely to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  defend those CEOs when necessary 
B)  get promoted ahead of other colleagues 
C)  speak negatively about those CEOs 
D)  leave the organization prematurely

Question 19

When looking at the factors that influence and distort perception mentioned in the textbook, which one is explained by perceptions that are shaped by past experiences, culture, attitude, values, and upbringing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When looking at the factors that influence...

Question 20

Gretchen was disappointed in herself when she did not recognize her professor at the restaurant where she works. She wondered why she didn't notice someone that she sees three times a week. Gretchen's perception of her professor was influenced by what factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  the comprehender 
B)  the perceiver 
C)  the environment 
D)  the focal object

Exam 3: Perception and Learning

Which factor that influences our perception is seen in terms of contrast?

An example was given in the text of a world-famous violinist, Josh Bell, being wildly popular in concert but not even recognized by concertgoers when in a subway station. Relate the example to the three main factors that influence perception.

Of the factors that influence and perhaps distort perception, which one is not discussed in the textbook?

When looking at classical conditioning, neutral stimulus is also called ______.

Which element of the behavioral perspective listed below is defined as the process of forming associations between learning and behavior that occurs when the consequences of behavior are being controlled?

Which of the following is not a factor brought to the perceptual process by the perceiver?

Which item below shows how cognitive processes mediate the effects of reinforcers on behavior, and how behavior influences both reinforcers and cognitive processes?

Which perceptual distortion stated in the textbook is explained as something that takes place when people rank something higher or lower than they should as a result of exposure to recent events or situations?

The practical application of reinforcement in the workplace is called ______.

What factor that influences our internal and external attributions listed below is the extent to which a person responds in the same way over a period of time?

What element below is not explained in the textbook regarding perceptual distortions?

The effect of a conditioned stimulus is a/an ______.

The statement "perceptions are shaped by past experiences, culture, attitude, values, and upbringing" relates to which factor that influences perception?

A Harvard Business Review study found that business executives who behave in an ingratiating manner toward their CEOs are also the ones most likely to ______.

When looking at the factors that influence and distort perception mentioned in the textbook, which one is explained by perceptions that are shaped by past experiences, culture, attitude, values, and upbringing?

Gretchen was disappointed in herself when she did not recognize her professor at the restaurant where she works. She wondered why she didn't notice someone that she sees three times a week. Gretchen's perception of her professor was influenced by what factor?