Question 1

During the lumbar puncture it was noted that the intracranial pressure of the woman was normal. Which of the following most precisely indicates normal intracranial pressure in an adult?

Accepted Answer

A)   >20 mm Hg
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   >30 mm Hg C

Question 2

After returning from her trip to Taiwan, a 28-year-old woman complains to her family physician of a headache, neck pain, and a fever. The physician orders a lumbar puncture. Which of the following most accurately indicates the normal white blood cell count in adult CSF?

Accepted Answer

A)   3
B)   3
C)   3
D)   3
E)   3 E

Question 3

After returning from a wildlife tour of Africa, a 22-year-old man experiences headaches, fever, stiff neck, and lethargy. Lumbar puncture reveals increased white blood cell count and reduced glucose levels. This patient is likely suffering from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tabes dorsalis
B)   Viral encephalitis
C)   Bacterial meningitis
D)   Lyme disease
E)   Myelitis C

Question 4

Small ligaments that connect the pia to the arachnoid and dura mater are called

Accepted Answer

A)   Peritoneal ligaments
B)   Denticulate ligaments
C)   Suspensory ligaments
D)   Cruciate ligaments
E)   Collateral ligaments

Question 5

Which of the following is the most common cause of this illness in adults?

Accepted Answer

A)   Group B Streptococcus
B)   Haemophilus influenzae B
C)   Escherichia coli
D)   Streptococcus pneumoniae
E)   Mycobacteria

Question 6

A 47-year-old woman complains to her family physician of recurrent headaches that have worsened over the past 6 months. A magnetic resonance image reveals a mass within the middle cranial fossa. Which cranial nerves innervate the dura in this region?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vagus
B)   Glossopharyngeal
C)   Facial
D)   Trigeminal
E)   Vestibulocochlear

Question 7

Which of the following would most likely account for the hypodense appearance of the fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Acute vascular bleed
B)   Subacute vascular bleed
C)   Intermittent vascular bleeding
D)   Chronic vascular bleeding

Question 8

During a head and neck dissection, a group of medical students remove the cerebrum, inadvertently leaving behind the cerebellum. Which of the following structures caused the cerebellar hemispheres to become separated from the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)   Falx cerebri
B)   Cervicomedullary junction
C)   Tentorium cerebelli
D)   Superior sagittal sinus
E)   Petrous ridge of the temporal bone

Question 9

A developmental biologist is interested in the developmental patterning of the leptomeninges. Which of the following structures are referred to as the leptomeninges?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pia mater
B)   Dura and arachnoid mater
C)   Arachnoid mater
D)   Pia and arachnoid mater
E)   Dura mater

Question 10

In order to determine if a new drug will cross the blood-brain barrier, a research scientist tags it with a dye and then injects it into the vascular system of a rat. Examination of the sectioned brain indicates that the dye was not detected in the brain tissue. What is the most likely explanation of this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tight junctions between capillary endothelium
B)   Fenestrated junctions between capillary endothelium
C)   Sinusoidal junctions between capillary endothelium
D)   Tight junctions between venous endothelium
E)   Fenestrated junctions between venous endothelium

Question 11

A 5-year-old boy is diagnosed with a choroid plexus papilloma. Based on this diagnosis, what condition is this patient likely to have?

Accepted Answer

A)   Down syndrome
B)   Parkinson's disease
C)   Hydrocephalus
D)   Meningitis
E)   Herpes zoster

Question 12

A 65-year-old woman complains to her family physician of increasing weakness in her lower limbs. A magnetic resonance image indicates a calcified mass along the falx cerebri. What is the most likely diagnosis of this mass?

Accepted Answer

A)   Meningioma
B)   Lymphoma
C)   Schwannoma
D)   Astrocytoma
E)   Ependymoma

Question 13

An anthropologist observes several small pits along the groove for the superior sagittal sinus in a human calvaria. What structure most likely contributed to the formation of these pits?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glioblastoma
B)   Vascular aneurysm
C)   Epidural hematoma
D)   Bridging veins
E)   Arachnoid granulations

Question 14

What is the total volume of CSF produced by a normal adult in one day?

Accepted Answer

A)   180-200 ml
B)   280-300 ml
C)   380-400 ml
D)   480-500 ml
E)   580-600 ml

Question 15

Large quantities of CSF collect in cisterns present throughout the central nervous system. These cisterns are formed in which of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

A)   Subdural space
B)   Subarachnoid space
C)   Epidural space
D)   Perivascular space

Question 16

The head CT of a 74-year-old man indicates a hypodense crescent-shaped accumulation of fluid over the left hemisphere. This patient is most likely suffering from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Subdural hematoma
B)   Intraventricular hemorrhage
C)   Epidural hematoma
D)   Subarachnoid hemorrhage
E)   Intraparenchymal hemorrhage

Question 17

The collection of modified ependymal cells that produce CSF within the ventricular system of the brain is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)   Filum terminale
B)   Massa intermedia
C)   Choroid plexus
D)   Septum pellucidum
E)   Diaphragma sellae

Question 18

Which part of the ventricular system is located adjacent to the thalamus and hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fourth ventricle
B)   Foramina of Luschka
C)   Third ventricle
D)   Cisterna magna
E)   Body of the lateral ventricle

Exam 13: The Chemical Senses of Taste and Smell