Martha, a 9-Month-Old Infant, Watches as Her Mother Pushes a Cow

Multiple Choice

Martha, a 9-month-old infant, watches as her mother pushes a cow image on her favourite book and the book makes a "moo" sound. Several hours later, Martha pushes the cow and the book makes the "moo" sound. What is Martha's action an example of?

A) imitation
B) deferred imitation
C) instrumental learning
D) classical conditioning