Question 1

What is the definition of a specific nominal?

Accepted Answer

A)  a proper noun 
B)  a personal pronoun 
C)  a class of objects 
D)  a word longer than two syllables

Question 2

Imitation is the basis for much of human learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Janet tells her husband that their infant son, Josh, is exhibiting echolalia. What behaviour is she referring to?

Accepted Answer

A)  Josh understands more words than he can say. 
B)  Josh is speaking words that he does not understand. 
C)  Josh is repeating syllables. 
D)  Josh is using his tongue's circular rotation to speak.

Question 4

By what age will most children have demonstrated coordination of secondary schemas?

Accepted Answer

A)  by age 2 to 3 months 
B)  by age 4 to 5 months 
C)  by age 8 or 12 months 
D)  by age 12 to 18 months

Question 5

Object permanence is recognition that an object exists when out of sight.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Calling all four-legged animals doggies is an example of an overextension.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Mary, a new parent, is embracing her daughter, Samantha. Mary can be heard speaking slowly to Samantha, at a higher pitch, and with pauses inserted between her words. What would developmentalists call Mary's speech pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  morphology 
B)  grammatical construction 
C)  shaping 
D)  Motherese

Question 8

Brian and Tamara are concerned because their 12-month-old son has yet to speak his first word. What would an expert in child development most likely tell Brian and Tamara?

Accepted Answer

A)  They should be concerned because most children speak their first word before their first birthday. 
B)  They shouldn't be concerned because boys develop speech much later than girls. 
C)  They shouldn't be concerned because children's normal range for speaking their first word is between 8 and 18 months of age. 
D)  They shouldn't be concerned because most children speak their first word after 24 months

Question 9

Which vocalization is the first that resembles human speech?

Accepted Answer

A)  crying 
B)  cooing 
C)  babbling 
D)  making no sound, which shows awareness that all is well

Question 10

Martha, a 9-month-old infant, watches as her mother pushes a cow image on her favourite book and the book makes a "moo" sound. Several hours later, Martha pushes the cow and the book makes the "moo" sound. What is Martha's action an example of?

Accepted Answer

A)  imitation 
B)  deferred imitation 
C)  instrumental learning 
D)  classical conditioning

Question 11

By what age will most children have demonstrated tertiary circular reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  by age 2 to 3 months 
B)  by age 4 to 5 months 
C)  by age 8 to 9 months 
D)  by age 12 to 18 months

Question 12

What test measures infant intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apgar scale 
B)  Bayley scales 
C)  Riley scale 
D)  Piaget scale

Question 13

The situation with Genie, who was locked away for much of her first 13 years of life, supports the nurture view of language development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a primary circular reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean-Paul turns toward the sound of the phone ringing. 
B)  Lucien kicks his mobile over and over, which makes it move. 
C)  Kayla accidentally touches her nose with her thumb and then repeats the action. 
D)  Megan pulls her blanket so it brings her teddy bear close enough that she can grab it.

Question 15

What is the meaning of the phrase "A-not-B error"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children will search for hidden objects only when they have an incentive. 
B)  Children will randomly search for hidden objects, but will quickly become frustrated and give up. 
C)  A child will search for a hidden toy but will quickly become distracted by other, more interesting objects. 
D)  A child may continually reach for a hidden object where it has always been, even when the child sees the toy hidden somewhere else.

Question 16

What does the expression "comprehension precedes production" refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  echolalia 
B)  babbling 
C)  a receptive vocabulary 
D)  an expressive vocabulary

Question 17

What term refers to vocalizations that the infant makes prior to using language?

Accepted Answer

A)  prelinguistic 
B)  nonsensical 
C)  random 
D)  expressive

Question 18

Josh has learned that his ball is called a toy. When he sees a round light bulb, he calls it a "toy." What term describes Josh's response?

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodation 
B)  differentiation 
C)  assimilation 
D)  conceptualization

Question 19

According to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory, the first stage of cognitive development is the formal operational stage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Visual recognition memory during infancy is related to later IQ scores.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 5: Infancy: Cognitive Development

What is the definition of a specific nominal?

Imitation is the basis for much of human learning.

Janet tells her husband that their infant son, Josh, is exhibiting echolalia. What behaviour is she referring to?

By what age will most children have demonstrated coordination of secondary schemas?

Object permanence is recognition that an object exists when out of sight.

Calling all four-legged animals doggies is an example of an overextension.

Mary, a new parent, is embracing her daughter, Samantha. Mary can be heard speaking slowly to Samantha, at a higher pitch, and with pauses inserted between her words. What would developmentalists call Mary's speech pattern?

Brian and Tamara are concerned because their 12-month-old son has yet to speak his first word. What would an expert in child development most likely tell Brian and Tamara?

Which vocalization is the first that resembles human speech?

Martha, a 9-month-old infant, watches as her mother pushes a cow image on her favourite book and the book makes a "moo" sound. Several hours later, Martha pushes the cow and the book makes the "moo" sound. What is Martha's action an example of?

By what age will most children have demonstrated tertiary circular reactions?

What test measures infant intelligence?

The situation with Genie, who was locked away for much of her first 13 years of life, supports the nurture view of language development.

Which of the following is an example of a primary circular reaction?

What is the meaning of the phrase "A-not-B error"?

What does the expression "comprehension precedes production" refer to?

What term refers to vocalizations that the infant makes prior to using language?

Josh has learned that his ball is called a toy. When he sees a round light bulb, he calls it a "toy." What term describes Josh's response?

According to Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory, the first stage of cognitive development is the formal operational stage.

Visual recognition memory during infancy is related to later IQ scores.