Question 1

What are lipopolysaccharides associated with?

Accepted Answer

A)  the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria 
B)  the plasma membrane of Gram-positive bacteria 
C)  the plasma membrane of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria 
D)  the plasma membrane of Gram-negative bacteria

Question 2

Figure 23-2 
-In the phylogenetic tree in Figure 23-2, which branch identifies a kingdom?

Accepted Answer

A)  branch B 
B)  branch C 
C)  branch D 
D)  branch E

Question 3

Which of the following contain cytoplasmic organelles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea 
B)  Eukarya 
C)  Bacteria

Question 4

Which organisms stain as either Gram-positive or Gram-negative?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria 
B)  Archaea 
C)  Eukarya

Question 5

Suppose you perform a Gram stain of a mixed culture of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cells, and afterward you realize that you omitted the iodine step. What would you expect to see if you observed the slide under the microscope?

Accepted Answer

A)  pink Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
B)  purple Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
C)  colourless Gram-positive and pink Gram-negative cells 
D)  colourless Gram-positive and colourless Gram-negative cells

Question 6

Which organisms obtain carbon from CO2?

Accepted Answer

A)  auxotrophs 
B)  heterotrophs 
C)  autotrophs 
D)  chemotrophs

Question 7

In what way is proteobacterial photosynthesis different from plant photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proteobacterial photosynthesis does not use a proton gradient. 
B)  Proteobacterial photosynthesis does not consume CO2. 
C)  Proteobacterial photosynthesis uses water as an electron donor. 
D)  Proteobacterial photosynthesis uses a different type of chlorophyll.

Question 8

In which major taxonomic group of Archaea are the methanogens found?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crenarchaeota 
B)  Korarchaeota 
C)  Nanoarchaeota 
D)  Euryarchaeota

Question 9

Figure 23-2 
-In the phylogenetic tree in Figure 23-2, which branch identifies Bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  branch B 
B)  branch C 
C)  branch D 
D)  branch E

Question 10

What was the basis on which prokaryotes were split into two domains?

Accepted Answer

A)  differences in cell membrane properties 
B)  differences in cell wall composition 
C)  differences in staining characteristics 
D)  differences in rRNA sequences

Question 11

Which organisms obtain energy from sunlight?

Accepted Answer

A)  chemotrophs 
B)  phototrophs 
C)  autotrophs 
D)  heterotrophs

Question 12

The strong support for Lokiarchaeota and Eukarya being sister groups has phylogenetic and taxonomic implications.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Match each prokaryotic genus with its correct description.
-Bacillus

Accepted Answer

A) causes anthrax 
B) fixes nitrogen 
C) causes syphilis 
D) loves very high temperatures 
E) causes endotoxin shock
F)helps in the production of yogurt
G)causes necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease)
H)loves toxic H2S gas
I)causes gonorrhea
J)produces CH4
K)causes trachoma (a preventable form of blindness)

Question 14

Which type of cell contains a nuclear membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eukarya 
B)  Prokarya 
C)  Bacteria 
D)  Archaea

Question 15

Figure 23-1 
-In the diagram of a bacterial cell in Figure 23-1, which number identifies the structure that facilitates movement?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  4 
C)  3 
D)  1

Question 16

Which of the following characterizes Gram-positive bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of an outer membrane 
B)  the absence of ribosomes 
C)  the presence of a thick cell wall 
D)  the absence of a cell wall

Question 17

Which of the following contain prokaryotic organisms that are pathogenic to humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea 
B)  Eukarya 
C)  Bacteria 
D)  Fungi

Question 18

Which bacteria produce the botulism toxin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clostridium 
B)  Salmonella 
C)  Escherichia 
D)  Staphylococcus

Question 19

Which of these terms refers to prokaryotes that are cylindrical?

Accepted Answer

A)  cocci 
B)  spirilla 
C)  vibrios 
D)  bacilli

Question 20

Match each prokaryotic genus with its correct description.
-methanogen

Accepted Answer

A) causes anthrax 
B) fixes nitrogen 
C) causes syphilis 
D) loves very high temperatures 
E) causes endotoxin shock
F)helps in the production of yogurt
G)causes necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease)
H)loves toxic H2S gas
I)causes gonorrhea
J)produces CH4
K)causes trachoma (a preventable form of blindness)

Exam 23: Bacteria and Archaea