Question 1

Research regarding psychological treatment for borderline personality disorder suggests that ________ appears to be helpful in improving mood and reducing suicidal and self-injurious behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A) dialectical behavior therapy 
B) cognitive therapy 
C) operant conditioning 
D) nothing

Question 2

According to your textbook, the main reason that we do not have sufficient research examining the development of personality disorders is that

Accepted Answer

A) many individuals do not seek treatment in the early phases of these disorders. 
B) there is insufficient research funding for these disorders, due to relative lack of public awareness. 
C) sophisticated research methods are necessary to study disorders that are so ingrained in personality. 
D) all of these are cited as key contributors to the lack of sufficient research.

Question 3

Without understanding the thought process motivating the patient's behavior, it would probably be impossible to determine whether a patient had ________ personality disorder or ________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) narcissistic; antisocial 
B) dependent; narcissistic 
C) borderline; histrionic 
D) schizoid; avoidant

Question 4

The personality disorder that is characterized by an insistence that things have to be done 'the right way' is ________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) antisocial 
B) avoidant 
C) paranoid 
D) obsessive-compulsive

Question 5

Throughout history, all of these theoretical models have been used to primarily explain our behaviour, thinking and emotions EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) psychological 
B) biological 
C) supernatural 
D) physical

Question 6

The concepts of 'self-actualising' and 'the hierarchy of needs' are most closely associated with the theories of

Accepted Answer

A) Abraham Maslow. 
B) Carl Rogers. 
C) Carl Jung. 
D) Melanie Klein.

Question 7

When individuals with dependent personality disorder are in therapy, they are

Accepted Answer

A) seemingly 'model' patients. 
B) resistant to the therapeutic process. 
C) too unstable to do the intellectual work that therapy requires. 
D) demanding and impulsive.

Question 8

With the discovery of the major tranquillisers called ________, it became possible to control psychotic symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, and aggressiveness.

Accepted Answer

A) neuroleptics 
B) benzodiazepines 
C) bromides 
D) opiates

Question 9

The continual interaction of biological, psychological and social influences and their effect on behaviour is considered

Accepted Answer

A) sociocultural. 
B) psychobiological/biopsychological. 
C) systematic. 
D) multidimensional and integrative.

Question 10

The gender difference in the diagnosis of histrionic personality disorder has been criticized for

Accepted Answer

A) Reflecting society's inherent bias 
B) Not reflecting enough of the differences between men and women 
C) Being psychologists' plot to undermine their female colleagues 
D) All of the above.

Question 11

Mrs B received a very poor rating by her supervisor, who had been constantly criticising her in front of her co-workers.When she got home, her kids ran up to greet her, all talking at once.Mrs B responded by yelling, 'Leave me alone! Can't you see I'm tired?' According to psychoanalytic theory, this is an example of the defence mechanism known as

Accepted Answer

A) displacement. 
B) projection. 
C) repression. 
D) rationalisation.

Question 12

Which of the following accurately describes the patients of Freud and Breuer after they received hypnotherapy for their psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) feelings of relief and improvement 
B) decreased emotionality while in the hypnotic state 
C) accurate posthypnotic recall 
D) increased understanding of the causes of their psychological disorder

Question 13

According to the underarousal hypothesis, individuals with antisocial personality disorder may engage in their characteristic behaviors as a way to

Accepted Answer

A) deal with their fears. 
B) provide a level of stimulation that most of us receive from more typical behaviors. 
C) provide a sense of relief from the feelings of depression that they experience when they are not highly aroused. 
D) reduce the generally high level of arousal that they feel.

Question 14

Which of the following accurately describes the attitudes of the Catholic Church toward mentally ill people during the turbulent political and religious events of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries?

Accepted Answer

A) They were considered to be suffering from religious delusions and were cared for by members of the church communities. 
B) They were seen as possessed by evil spirits and blamed for all misfortunes. 
C) They were regarded as basically good individuals who were not responsible for their abnormal behaviour. 
D) They were provided with medical treatments and sometimes hospitalised because mental illness was regarded as equivalent to physical illness.

Question 15

In the world, the prevalence of personality disorders is estimated to be approximately________ percent.

Accepted Answer

A) 0.5 
B) 2 
C) 6 
D) 11

Question 16

An individual who goes through life as a loner with no motivation to interact with others but with relatively normal behavior and beliefs is likely to be diagnosed with ________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) histrionic 
B) narcissistic 
C) schizoid 
D) paranoid

Question 17

The most accurate statement regarding antisocial personality disorder and psychopathy is that they

Accepted Answer

A) are similar in almost every way except that psychopaths are criminals. 
B) completely different populations. 
C) overlap in some features but not all. 
D) are just different names for the same features.

Question 18

Childhood trauma as a cause of borderline personality disorder may be too simplistic an explanation because

Accepted Answer

A) there are too many neurological deficits that are noted in borderline personality disorder patients. 
B) individuals with borderline personality disorder tend to respond to SSRI medications. 
C) most individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder are female. 
D) a significant percentage of individuals diagnosed with borderline personality disorder do not have a history of childhood trauma.

Question 19

If you had absolutely no concept or fear of the consequences of your actions (for yourself or others) and were overly motivated by pleasing yourself, you might behave like a person with ________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) antisocial 
B) narcissistic 
C) histrionic 
D) schizotypal

Question 20

According to the DSM-5, the features of dependent personality disorder include

Accepted Answer

A) difficulty expressing disagreement. 
B) an attitude of entitlement toward fulfilling expectations. 
C) being easily influenced by others or circumstances. 
D) episodes of inappropriate, intense anger.

Exam 1: Abnormal Behaviour in Historical Context