Question 1

Which BEST exemplifies experience-expectant growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  The fact that all infants hear language sounds, which leads to language development. 
B)  The fact that eating high-fat foods leads to obesity. 
C)  The fact that abused children often experience depression. 
D)  The fact that by age two, most children are about three feet tall.

Question 2

Which statement regarding temperament is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Identical twins are more similar in temperament than are fraternal twins. 
B)  Some temperamental characteristics are more common is certain cultures. 
C)  Environmental factors are not related to emotionality. 
D)  The confidence level of mothers is related to temperament.

Question 3

Lucille is being tested to determine her ability to distinguish what she thinks from what she sees. She is shown an adult reaching for a ball that is in a basket and not in a box, but then watches as the ball is removed from the basket while the adult is not looking. When the adult reaches for the ball again, Lucille expects the adult to reach into the basket. This awareness of the adult's beliefs about the location of the ball suggests the Lucille is at least _____ years of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  two 
B)  three 
C)  four 
D)  five

Question 4

Jason is looking around the living room for his car keys and says out loud, "Where are my keys?" His one-year old son, Eli, is sitting in his high-chair eating graham crackers, and watching Jason struggle to find the keys. Which of the following statements BEST describes Eli's perception of this search?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no way that research in child cognition can draw any conclusions about the thought processes of children this young. 
B)  Eli is not at all aware of what is going on, but is stimulated by the sights and sounds of his father. 
C)  Eli understands that Jason's actions are related to the goal of finding something. 
D)  Eli thinks that Jason is looking for more graham crackers.

Question 5

Which of the following represents the correct path a neural impulse travels from start to finish of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite, cell body, axon, terminal button 
B)  terminal button, axon, cell body, dendrite 
C)  cell body, terminal button, dendrite, axon 
D)  axon, dendrite, cell body, terminal button

Question 6

Breathing, heart rate, muscle tone, presence of reflexes, and ________ are all parts of an Apgar assessment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Breathing, heart rate, muscle tone, presence of...

Question 7

Describe at least five reflexes that should be seen in a newborn. While each reflex may serve its own essential function, what is the general use/purpose of reflexes in a newborn?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe at least five reflexes that should...

Question 8

The symptoms of autism spectrum disorders usually emerge by which age?

Accepted Answer

A)  3-6 months 
B)  6-12 months 
C)  12-18 months 
D)  18-24 months

Question 9

When young Melvin's mother hands him to a friend of hers, he looks up, smiles, and offers no real objection to being held by a stranger. Melvin's mother often brags that, "he is such a good, easy baby." According to your textbook, Melvin's mother is making an observation about his ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  personality 
B)  temperament 
C)  reflexes 
D)  adjustment

Question 10

Who is at greatest risk of falling victim to sudden infant death syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bridget, who is two years old 
B)  Leslie, who is nine months old 
C)  Tina, who is three months old 
D)  Jon, who is five years old

Question 11

Approximately 10% of American households do not have adequate food.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The most basic unit in the brain and nervous system of a human being is the

Accepted Answer

A)  nerve. 
B)  astrocyte. 
C)  glial cell. 
D)  neuron.

Question 13

Which of the following tools is an indirect method of testing a baby's awareness of his/her own existence?

Accepted Answer

A)  a toothbrush 
B)  a mirror 
C)  a plush doll 
D)  a pacifier

Question 14

Dr. Spatz has just delivered a baby girl, and is now going to assess her physical health using the Apgar scale. Which of the following won't he rate as part of this evaluation?

Accepted Answer

A)  her heart rate 
B)  her muscle tone 
C)  her number of fingers and toes 
D)  her skin tone

Question 15

The brain and spinal cord of a baby begin as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  zygotic blastocyst 
B)  germ cell 
C)  neural plate 
D)  embryonic stem cell

Question 16

All but which of the following would you expect a child to list when you asked them to describe themselves?

Accepted Answer

A)  their physical characteristics 
B)  their possessions 
C)  their religious beliefs 
D)  their preferences

Question 17

Maryanne was born at a weight of 8.2 pounds. If her growth is typical of most children, about how much will she weigh at her first birthday party?

Accepted Answer

A)  24.6 pounds 
B)  16.4 pounds 
C)  32.8 pounds 
D)  12.3 pounds

Question 18

Jimmy is only three days old, but he is making a high-pitched cry, is moving his arms and legs back and forth, and has an elevated heart rate. It is likely that Jimmy is currently

Accepted Answer

A)  poopy. 
B)  hungry. 
C)  in pain. 
D)  asleep and experiencing an REM stage.

Question 19

According to the theory of Mary Rothbart, a child's temperament includes three different contributing dimensions. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Accepted Answer

A)  surgency/extroversion 
B)  positive affect 
C)  negative affect 
D)  effort control

Question 20

Why is it important for a newborn baby's reflexes to be assessed both at birth and at regular intervals as they age?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because research has shown that adequate reflexive activity at birth and through the first six months of life predict higher intelligence and greater academic success during adolescence. 
B)  Because an infant's reflexive activity serves as a means to help facilitate bonding with his or her parents, particularly if the mother is nursing. 
C)  Because the presence (and absence) of specific reflexes indicate that the nervous system is working properly and is developing without problems. 
D)  Because different cultures define a "healthy baby" differently based on the presence or absence of specific reflexes through the first year of life.

Exam 3: Tools for Exploring the World: Physical, Perceptual, and Motor Development