Question 1

Two of the disorders that commonly affect older adults are depression and insomnia. Imagining that you work in a doctor's office, what treatment recommendations would you make for each disorder? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Two of the disorders that commonly affect...

Question 2

An MRI brain imaging study by Pfefferbaum and colleagues (2006) indicated residual cognitive effects in the microstructure and macrostructure of the ____________, which remain long after an older person has stopped drinking.

Accepted Answer

A)  prefrontal cortex 
B)  hippocampus 
C)  corpus callosum 
D)  medial temporal lobe

Question 3

Which of the following statements is an example of a time-of-measurement effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Today's older adults are less likely to seek mental health services because when they were growing up, mental illness was stigmatized. 
B)  Because exercise has become widely promoted in the media, many older adults are now exercising and thus are healthier than was predicted by earlier measures of their physical well-being. 
C)  Because of the effects of aging on the brain, older adults do less well than younger adults on measures of "fluid" intelligence. 
D)  In a longitudinal study, many of the elderly subjects died before the follow-up data was collected.

Question 4

Toronto researchers have found that volume loss within the hippocampus best discriminated people with:

Accepted Answer

A)  Early stages of Alzheimer 
B)  Korsakoff's syndrome 
C)  Late stages of dementia 
D)  Chronic depression

Question 5

Cohort effects are reflected in which of the following problems in research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Third variable 
B)  Directionality 
C)  Reliability 
D)  Longitudinal

Question 6

In cross-

Accepted Answer

A)  Two age groups are compared at one point in time. 
B)  People with different mental disorders are compared at one point in time. 
C)  The same group of people are followed over time. 
D)  People from different cultures are compared at one point in time.

Question 7

The phenomenon of feeling younger than one actually is refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ageism 
B)  Aging 
C)  Subjective age bias 
D)  Objective age phenomenon

Question 8

Which main factor(s) differentiate(s) frontal-subcortical dementias from frontal-temporal dementias?

Accepted Answer

A)  The former affects both motor and cognitive activities. 
B)  The latter affects both motor and cognitive activities. 
C)  The former affects motor activities, whereas the latter affects cognitive activities 
D)  The former affects cognitive activities, whereas the latter affects motor activities.

Question 9

In terms of suicide rates in the U.S. and in Canada, research has shown that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Men aged 80 to 84 have the highest rates of suicide than any other group in the U.S. whereas the rates for men in Canada are fairly constant across age groups. 
B)  Women's suicide rates stays constant across age groups in both countries. 
C)  Rates of suicide for women in their fifties is relatively lower than in any other age group in the U.S. whereas the rates of suicide for Canadian women in their fifties are relatively higher than any other group and then they decline steadily. 
D)  Men are more likely than women to use lethal methods for committing suicide in the U.S. but not in Canada.

Question 10

A study of suicide rates in 21 health units in British Columbia found that __________ had the highest suicide rate

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescent females 
B)  young adult males 
C)  elderly males 
D)  mid-age females

Question 11

What neurotransmitter has been most strongly implicated in Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dopamine 
B)  Acetylcholine 
C)  GABA 
D)  Norepinephrine

Question 12

Life review, a psychotherapeutic approach reflecting the influence of _____________, has been shown to be __________________________ in the elderly, according to a study by Bohlmeijer and colleagues (2003).

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud; more effective than medication in reducing depression 
B)  Carl Rogers; as effective as medication in reducing depression 
C)  Erik Erikson; as effective as medication in reducing depression 
D)  Albert Bandura; more effective than medication in reducing depression

Question 13

What is an early sign of Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loss of sensation or motor control on one side of the body 
B)  Difficulty comprehending speech 
C)  Difficulty remembering new material 
D)  Clouded state of consciousness

Question 14

An alternative to nursing home placement that has emerged most recently in Canada and in the United States is:

Accepted Answer

A)  In-home help 
B)  Homes that are adjacent, physically, to inpatient hospitals 
C)  Specially equipped homes tailor-made to the physical needs of the elderly 
D)  Assisted living settings

Question 15

A lay term for dementia is:

Accepted Answer

A)  CVA 
B)  Stroke 
C)  Delirium 
D)  Senility

Question 16

According to Alloul's (1998) review, the decision to institutionalize someone with dementia is predicted by the elderly person's:

Accepted Answer

A)  level of aggression. 
B)  degree of incontinence. 
C)  psychiatric disturbances. 
D)  all of the above

Question 17

In what way can delirium be differentiated from Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Memory impairment 
B)  Fluctuating periods of lucidity throughout the day 
C)  Onset of delirium is most commonly gradual or insidious 
D)  Delirium symptoms are usually easily detected unlike symptoms of Alzheimer's disease

Question 18

Following a study by Morin and associates at Laval University on the efficacy of different treatments for sleep problems in the elderly, we can conclude that if Jack was in the behavioural treatment group and Bill was in the drug-and-behavioural treatment group:

Accepted Answer

A)  Jack was sleeping better than Bill at the end of treatment and at a two-year follow-up. 
B)  Bill was sleeping better than Jack at the end of treatment and at a two-year follow-up. 
C)  Jack and Bill were sleeping equally well at the end of treatment but Jack was the only one who maintained these improvements at the follow-up. 
D)  None of the above; the drug-only treatment group improved the most overall.

Question 19

Bialystok and Craik and their associates (2004) have found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Bilingual people have a higher risk for Alzheimer's disease than do unilingual people 
B)  Unilingual people have a higher risk for Alzheimer's disease than do bilingual people 
C)  Unilingual and bilingual people have a similar likelihood of getting Alzheimer's disease 
D)  Working memory functioning is a better predictor than language status of the likelihood of getting Alzheimer's disease

Question 20

Alzheimer's disease is evident in post-mortem brains by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Smaller ventricles. 
B)  Atrophy of the cerebral cortex by plaque deposits. 
C)  Plaque deposits on the medulla oblongata. 
D)  None of the above are correct.

Exam 16: Aging and Issues in Psychological Disorders

Two of the disorders that commonly affect older adults are depression and insomnia. Imagining that you work in a doctor's office, what treatment recommendations would you make for each disorder? Why?

An MRI brain imaging study by Pfefferbaum and colleagues (2006) indicated residual cognitive effects in the microstructure and macrostructure of the ____________, which remain long after an older person has stopped drinking.

Which of the following statements is an example of a time-of-measurement effect?

Toronto researchers have found that volume loss within the hippocampus best discriminated people with:

Cohort effects are reflected in which of the following problems in research?

In cross-

The phenomenon of feeling younger than one actually is refers to:

Which main factor(s) differentiate(s) frontal-subcortical dementias from frontal-temporal dementias?

In terms of suicide rates in the U.S. and in Canada, research has shown that:

A study of suicide rates in 21 health units in British Columbia found that __________ had the highest suicide rate

What neurotransmitter has been most strongly implicated in Alzheimer's disease?

Life review, a psychotherapeutic approach reflecting the influence of _, has been shown to be ______________ in the elderly, according to a study by Bohlmeijer and colleagues (2003) .

What is an early sign of Alzheimer's disease?

An alternative to nursing home placement that has emerged most recently in Canada and in the United States is:

A lay term for dementia is:

According to Alloul's (1998) review, the decision to institutionalize someone with dementia is predicted by the elderly person's:

In what way can delirium be differentiated from Alzheimer's disease?

Following a study by Morin and associates at Laval University on the efficacy of different treatments for sleep problems in the elderly, we can conclude that if Jack was in the behavioural treatment group and Bill was in the drug-and-behavioural treatment group:

Bialystok and Craik and their associates (2004) have found that:

Alzheimer's disease is evident in post-mortem brains by:

Exam 16: Aging and Issues in Psychological Disorders

Two of the disorders that commonly affect older adults are depression and insomnia. Imagining that you work in a doctor's office, what treatment recommendations would you make for each disorder? Why?

An MRI brain imaging study by Pfefferbaum and colleagues (2006) indicated residual cognitive effects in the microstructure and macrostructure of the ____________, which remain long after an older person has stopped drinking.

Which of the following statements is an example of a time-of-measurement effect?

Toronto researchers have found that volume loss within the hippocampus best discriminated people with:

Cohort effects are reflected in which of the following problems in research?

In cross-

The phenomenon of feeling younger than one actually is refers to:

Which main factor(s) differentiate(s) frontal-subcortical dementias from frontal-temporal dementias?

In terms of suicide rates in the U.S. and in Canada, research has shown that:

A study of suicide rates in 21 health units in British Columbia found that __________ had the highest suicide rate

What neurotransmitter has been most strongly implicated in Alzheimer's disease?

Life review, a psychotherapeutic approach reflecting the influence of _____________, has been shown to be __________________________ in the elderly, according to a study by Bohlmeijer and colleagues (2003) .

What is an early sign of Alzheimer's disease?

An alternative to nursing home placement that has emerged most recently in Canada and in the United States is:

A lay term for dementia is:

According to Alloul's (1998) review, the decision to institutionalize someone with dementia is predicted by the elderly person's:

In what way can delirium be differentiated from Alzheimer's disease?

Following a study by Morin and associates at Laval University on the efficacy of different treatments for sleep problems in the elderly, we can conclude that if Jack was in the behavioural treatment group and Bill was in the drug-and-behavioural treatment group:

Bialystok and Craik and their associates (2004) have found that:

Alzheimer's disease is evident in post-mortem brains by:

Life review, a psychotherapeutic approach reflecting the influence of _, has been shown to be ______________ in the elderly, according to a study by Bohlmeijer and colleagues (2003) .