Question 1

The period of the foetus is the longest period of prenatal development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Sipho and Siya have the exact same genes. This indicates that they must be

Accepted Answer

A) dizygotic twins. 
B) monozygotic twins. 
C) heterozygous. 
D) co-dominant.

Question 3

What began as a single fertilised egg has just separated into two distinct eggs. This indicates the formation of ____ twins that has occurred during the ____ period of development.

Accepted Answer

A) fraternal; zygotic 
B) fraternal; embryonic 
C) identical; zygotic 
D) identical; embryonic

Question 4

While characterised as a progressive and fatal disorder, symptoms of Huntington's disease can be eliminated through a special diet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

If tallness is dominant and designated as 'T', and shortness is recessive and designated as 's', who would likely be short?

Accepted Answer

A) Bongi, who is 'sT' 
B) Adam, who is 'Ts' 
C) Anele, who is 'ss' 
D) Meera, who is 'TT'

Question 6

Bonolo's two-year-old daughter has developmental delays due, in part, to a diet that included fish, bread, and dairy products. The most likely diagnosis for Bonolo's daughter is that she has

Accepted Answer

A) Turner's syndrome. 
B) Huntington's disease. 
C) Tay Sachs disease. 
D) Phenylketonuria (PKU).

Question 7

A typical fertilised egg contains a total of 22 pairs of chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Dr Sithole has just been informed that his son has sickle-cell trait. As a knowledgeable doctor, Dr Sithole would realise that his son's body is most likely to experience

Accepted Answer

A) excess levels of body fat. 
B) serious oxygen deprivation. 
C) decreased lung capacity. 
D) blindness.

Question 9

Which event occurs following in vitro fertilisation?

Accepted Answer

A) A fertilised egg is placed directly into the uterus. 
B) A sperm is injected directly into the fallopian tube. 
C) A fertilised egg is directly placed in the ovary. 
D) A single sperm is injected directly into a fertilised egg.

Question 10

The ____ is the structure through which a mother and an embryo exchange waste and nutrients.

Accepted Answer

A) amnion 
B) stem cell 
C) germ disc 
D) placenta

Question 11

If a doctor informed you that your speech disorder was the result of problems on chromosomes 4, 7, and 15, you would rightly conclude that the disorder is always classifiable as

Accepted Answer

A) recessive. 
B) polygenetic. 
C) dominant. 
D) sex-linked.

Question 12

Moegsien is heterozygous for cheek dimples but is born with big dimples in both cheeks. Apparently, the allele for cheek dimples is

Accepted Answer

A) dominant. 
B) sex-linked. 
C) recessive. 
D) polygenetic.

Question 13

Which statement concerning the sickle-cell trait is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Individuals with the trait have the dominant phenotype but possess the recessive genotype. 
B) Individuals with the trait have both a dominant and recessive allele for the disorder. 
C) Individuals with the trait are genetically predisposed to the disorder but cannot display any symptoms. 
D) Individuals with the trait tend to have the most severe form of the disease.

Question 14

Genotype is to phenotype as

Accepted Answer

A) homozygous is to heterozygous. 
B) nurture is to nature. 
C) DNA is to deoxyribonucleic acid. 
D) chromosome pattern is to physical, behavioural, and psychological features.

Question 15

When looking through a microscope at an entire set of human male chromosomes, how would you be able to differentiate an autosome pair from a sex chromosome pair?

Accepted Answer

A) The sex chromosome pair would be about 10 times larger than the autosome pair. 
B) The circular-shaped cells would be the autosomes and the square shapes would be the sex chromosomes. 
C) There would be three cells in the autosome 'pair' and two cells in the sex chromosome 'pair'. 
D) The shape of the sex chromosomes would differ, whereas each autosome pair would look identical.

Question 16

Which individual with a genetic predisposition toward being extroverted is demonstrating successful niche-picking?

Accepted Answer

A) Buhle, who is a game-show host 
B) Bandile, who is a horse trainer 
C) Bonolo, who is a hermit who lives in a cave by herself 
D) Bontle, who spends a lot of time studying in the library

Question 17

As a geneticist, you found that a foetus has 47 chromosomes. What would be the most likely conclusion drawn from this information?

Accepted Answer

A) The child has Down syndrome. 
B) The child has sickle-cell anaemia. 
C) The child has phenylketonuria (PKU). 
D) This is a normal number of chromosomes.

Question 18

Zola is very concerned about the prebirth position of the child she is carrying. Which technique would be the best for determining whether Zola's concerns are warranted?

Accepted Answer

A) Genetic counselling 
B) Ultrasound 
C) Chorionic villus sampling 
D) Amniocentesis

Question 19

Human DNA is composed of a total of ____ different nucleotide bases.

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 23 
C) 444 
D) 30,000

Question 20

While observing a special monitor, a doctor tells an expectant mother, 'As you can see, the legs and arms have just begun to emerge.' From this description, you should realise that the two are looking at a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) zygote. 
B) foetus. 
C) embryo. 
D) germ disc.

Exam 2: Biological Foundations: Heredity, Prenatal Development, and Birth

The period of the foetus is the longest period of prenatal development.

Sipho and Siya have the exact same genes. This indicates that they must be

What began as a single fertilised egg has just separated into two distinct eggs. This indicates the formation of twins that has occurred during the period of development.

While characterised as a progressive and fatal disorder, symptoms of Huntington's disease can be eliminated through a special diet.

If tallness is dominant and designated as 'T', and shortness is recessive and designated as 's', who would likely be short?

Bonolo's two-year-old daughter has developmental delays due, in part, to a diet that included fish, bread, and dairy products. The most likely diagnosis for Bonolo's daughter is that she has

A typical fertilised egg contains a total of 22 pairs of chromosomes.

Dr Sithole has just been informed that his son has sickle-cell trait. As a knowledgeable doctor, Dr Sithole would realise that his son's body is most likely to experience

Which event occurs following in vitro fertilisation?

The ____ is the structure through which a mother and an embryo exchange waste and nutrients.

If a doctor informed you that your speech disorder was the result of problems on chromosomes 4, 7, and 15, you would rightly conclude that the disorder is always classifiable as

Moegsien is heterozygous for cheek dimples but is born with big dimples in both cheeks. Apparently, the allele for cheek dimples is

Which statement concerning the sickle-cell trait is true?

Genotype is to phenotype as

When looking through a microscope at an entire set of human male chromosomes, how would you be able to differentiate an autosome pair from a sex chromosome pair?

Which individual with a genetic predisposition toward being extroverted is demonstrating successful niche-picking?

As a geneticist, you found that a foetus has 47 chromosomes. What would be the most likely conclusion drawn from this information?

Zola is very concerned about the prebirth position of the child she is carrying. Which technique would be the best for determining whether Zola's concerns are warranted?

Human DNA is composed of a total of ____ different nucleotide bases.

While observing a special monitor, a doctor tells an expectant mother, 'As you can see, the legs and arms have just begun to emerge.' From this description, you should realise that the two are looking at a(n)