Question 1

Musandiwe, a principal of a day care, names the classes 'Level 1', 'Level 2', and 'Level 3'. These ideas are most compatible with a ____ view.

Accepted Answer

A) context-specificity 
B) hereditary 
C) continuity 
D) discontinuity

Question 2

Which statement is not consistent with ethical research?

Accepted Answer

A) Subject responses should be confidential. 
B) Never tell subjects if they've been deceived. 
C) Minimise risks to subjects. 
D) Give subjects the right to withdraw from the research without penalty.

Question 3

As a result of reading several research articles on the long-term effects of day care, a provincial department rules that all day care providers must modify their practices to follow this research. This action reflects

Accepted Answer

A) how research can affect social policy. 
B) the benefits of doing meta-analytic research. 
C) the importance of longitudinal studies. 
D) why correlational research is superior in some ways to experimental research.

Question 4

Saleh has decided to do a correlational study on the relationship between the amount of time spent playing video games and body weight. How might this research be conducted? What are the major disadvantages of this type of research approach?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Saleh has decided to do a correlational...

Question 5

Johan believes that, rather than progressing through a sequence of stages, mental processes gradually get more complex and efficient. Johan is most probably a proponent of

Accepted Answer

A) Piaget's theory. 
B) Kohlberg's theory. 
C) information-processing theory. 
D) Erikson's theory.

Question 6

Lindi is listening to a lecture in which her professor states, 'Genetic and cultural factors are important, but they alone cannot explain the development of human beings.' Lindi's professor seems to be supporting the

Accepted Answer

A) biopsychosocial framework. 
B) position that development is continuous. 
C) notion of universality. 
D) concept of discontinuity.

Question 7

When explaining an individual's behaviour, proponents of ecological theory would say that you have to consider factors outside of the individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Keitumetsi thinks that children seem to mature socially much faster in Johannesburg than in Tzaneen. She is most likely to support a ____ position regarding human development.

Accepted Answer

A) nature 
B) discontinuous 
C) context-specific 
D) continuous

Question 9

You are doing a study to determine whether vaping nicotine before taking a psychology test affects performance on that test. What is the independent variable in your study?

Accepted Answer

A) the psychology test 
B) the participants in your study 
C) vaping nicotine 
D) It depends on where the study is conducted.

Question 10

When asked to explain why teenage gang membership is rising, Dr Gabriel responds, 'Generally speaking, these children are driven by conflicts between what they wish to do and what society wishes them to do.' It is most likely that Dr Gabriel would be a proponent of ____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A) psychodynamic 
B) social cognitive 
C) ecological 
D) cognitive-developmental

Question 11

Ayanda is 80 years old and is learning how to speak Swahili and play the guitar for the first time. This new skill development is a good example of

Accepted Answer

A) multiple causation. 
B) historical context. 
C) plasticity. 
D) Multidirectionality.

Question 12

A researcher who wants to study how welfare programmes influence parenting behaviours would be primarily studying

Accepted Answer

A) microsystems. 
B) exosystems. 
C) mesosystems. 
D) operant conditioning.

Question 13

In a structured observation, a researcher creates a setting that is likely to bring out the behaviour of interest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Rethabile finds that whenever she talks to her daughter about her obnoxious behaviour, the obnoxious behaviour increases in frequency. Apparently, Rethabile's talks are ____ her daughter's obnoxious behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) punishing 
B) reinforcing 
C) suppressing 
D) having no effect on

Question 15

Dr Dlamini likes to make fun of student comments in class. She finds that every time she does this, students make fewer comments the rest of the class period. Apparently, Dr Dlamini's jokes are ____ the students for talking in class.

Accepted Answer

A) punishing 
B) negatively reinforcing 
C) positively reinforcing 
D) imitating

Question 16

Lesedi always wants to visit her grandparents because they give her new toys when she visits. The grandparents have ____ her visiting behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) reinforced 
B) extinguished 
C) punished 
D) extinguishedز

Question 17

Dr Zikalala is very interested in how individual participants' behaviours change over time. If she wants to study this, she'll have to do a(n) ____study.

Accepted Answer

A) naturalistic observation 
B) cross-sectional 
C) experimental 
D) longitudinal

Question 18

Competence-environmental press theory emphasises that to understand people's functioning, it is essential to understand the systems in which they live.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The biggest difference between Vygotsky's approach to development and that of Piaget and the information-processing approach is that Vygotsky placed more emphasis on

Accepted Answer

A) the impact of culture. 
B) stages of development. 
C) thinking. 
D) unconscious thoughts.

Question 20

According to ecological theory, the people closest to a developing child represent his or her

Accepted Answer

A) microsystem. 
B) macrosystem. 
C) mesosystem. 
D) exosystem.

Exam 1: The Study of Human Development

Musandiwe, a principal of a day care, names the classes 'Level 1', 'Level 2', and 'Level 3'. These ideas are most compatible with a ____ view.

Which statement is not consistent with ethical research?

As a result of reading several research articles on the long-term effects of day care, a provincial department rules that all day care providers must modify their practices to follow this research. This action reflects

Saleh has decided to do a correlational study on the relationship between the amount of time spent playing video games and body weight. How might this research be conducted? What are the major disadvantages of this type of research approach?

Johan believes that, rather than progressing through a sequence of stages, mental processes gradually get more complex and efficient. Johan is most probably a proponent of

Lindi is listening to a lecture in which her professor states, 'Genetic and cultural factors are important, but they alone cannot explain the development of human beings.' Lindi's professor seems to be supporting the

When explaining an individual's behaviour, proponents of ecological theory would say that you have to consider factors outside of the individual.

Keitumetsi thinks that children seem to mature socially much faster in Johannesburg than in Tzaneen. She is most likely to support a ____ position regarding human development.

You are doing a study to determine whether vaping nicotine before taking a psychology test affects performance on that test. What is the independent variable in your study?

When asked to explain why teenage gang membership is rising, Dr Gabriel responds, 'Generally speaking, these children are driven by conflicts between what they wish to do and what society wishes them to do.' It is most likely that Dr Gabriel would be a proponent of ____ theory.

Ayanda is 80 years old and is learning how to speak Swahili and play the guitar for the first time. This new skill development is a good example of

A researcher who wants to study how welfare programmes influence parenting behaviours would be primarily studying

In a structured observation, a researcher creates a setting that is likely to bring out the behaviour of interest.

Rethabile finds that whenever she talks to her daughter about her obnoxious behaviour, the obnoxious behaviour increases in frequency. Apparently, Rethabile's talks are ____ her daughter's obnoxious behaviour.

Dr Dlamini likes to make fun of student comments in class. She finds that every time she does this, students make fewer comments the rest of the class period. Apparently, Dr Dlamini's jokes are ____ the students for talking in class.

Lesedi always wants to visit her grandparents because they give her new toys when she visits. The grandparents have ____ her visiting behaviour.

Dr Zikalala is very interested in how individual participants' behaviours change over time. If she wants to study this, she'll have to do a(n) ____study.

Competence-environmental press theory emphasises that to understand people's functioning, it is essential to understand the systems in which they live.

The biggest difference between Vygotsky's approach to development and that of Piaget and the information-processing approach is that Vygotsky placed more emphasis on

According to ecological theory, the people closest to a developing child represent his or her