Question 1

If John chooses to contest the charge in court, he will likely:

Accepted Answer

A) be found not guilty because he really had no intent to exceed the speed limit 
B) be found not guilty because the speeding was due to a mechanical problem over which John had no control 
C) be found guilty because speeding is a strict liability offense 
D) be found guilty because any reasonable person whose car was moving at 50 MPH would know that he was driving well beyond 30 MPH.

Question 2

__________ is defined as "a cause that in a natural, continuous sequence, unbroken by any intervening causes, produces the consequences that occur."

Accepted Answer

A) Ultimate cause 
B) Proximate cause 
C) Natural cause 
D) Probable cause

Question 3

In special cases, a person can be found guilty of an offense based solely on their criminal intent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Under our system of law, a person cannot be punished merely for an evil intention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

When a person has a given object under his or her direct physical control, that person is said to be in ______________ of that object.

Accepted Answer

A) constructive possession 
B) actual possession 
C) effective control 
D) effective ownership

Question 6

"The distinction between _________ and __________ crimes is that the former involve a particular criminal intent beyond the act done, while the latter involve merely the intent to do the physical act."

Accepted Answer

A) specific intent; general intent 
B) general intent; specific intent 
C) transferred intent; general intent 
D) general intent; transferred intent

Question 7

Why did the common law distinguish among various participants in felonies?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why did the common law distinguish among...

Question 8

The rationale for the _____ requirement is to prevent a person from being guilty of an offense based on evil thoughts or intent alone.

Accepted Answer

A) mens rea 
B) fusion 
C) actus reus 
D) substantial step

Question 9

How do modern statutes treat the liability of participants in felonies?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do modern statutes treat the liability...

Question 10

At common law, parties to felonies were denominated as __________ in the first and second degree, and accessories before and after the fact.

Accepted Answer

The answer of At common law, parties to felonies were...

Question 11

Laws use a variety of terms to describe the mens rea requirements of crimes, including "willfully," "maliciously," "wrongfully" and "__________."

Accepted Answer

A) deliberately 
B) recklessly 
C) negligently 
D) All of these

Question 12

In certain crimes the intent that must be proven determines whether particular defenses are available to the defendant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

If we change the scenario so that Dryer has no knowledge of the crime until after it has been perpetrated and comes to the scene to rescue her boyfriend only after getting a call on her cell phone, then in most states Dryer would likely be considered:

Accepted Answer

A) an accessory before the fact 
B) an accessory after the fact 
C) a principal 
D) none of these

Question 14

Which of the following legal concepts comes into play in this case?

Accepted Answer

A) transferred intent 
B) act of omission 
C) proximate cause 
D) constructive possession

Question 15

The intent requirement has no bearing on the defenses available to the defendant in a criminal trial.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Many mala prohibita crimes are strict liability offenses and therefore do not require proof of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many mala prohibita crimes are strict liability...

Question 17

In this scenario Dryer would most likely be considered:

Accepted Answer

A) an accessory before the fact 
B) an accessory after the fact 
C) a principal 
D) none of these

Question 18

Under what circumstances might a person's failure to act constitute a criminal act?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under what circumstances might a person's failure...

Question 19

In Holloway v.United States (1999), the Supreme Court interpreted the federal carjacking statute as including a (an) __________ element.

Accepted Answer

A) specific-intent 
B) general-intent 
C) criminal negligence 
D) reckless disregard

Question 20

Modern statutes tend to view an ____________ as being less culpable than someone who plans, assists, or commits a crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Modern statutes tend to view an ____________...

Exam 4: Elements of Crimes and Parties to Crimes

If John chooses to contest the charge in court, he will likely:

__________ is defined as "a cause that in a natural, continuous sequence, unbroken by any intervening causes, produces the consequences that occur."

In special cases, a person can be found guilty of an offense based solely on their criminal intent.

Under our system of law, a person cannot be punished merely for an evil intention.

When a person has a given object under his or her direct physical control, that person is said to be in ______________ of that object.

"The distinction between _ and __ crimes is that the former involve a particular criminal intent beyond the act done, while the latter involve merely the intent to do the physical act."

Why did the common law distinguish among various participants in felonies?

The rationale for the _____ requirement is to prevent a person from being guilty of an offense based on evil thoughts or intent alone.

How do modern statutes treat the liability of participants in felonies?

At common law, parties to felonies were denominated as __________ in the first and second degree, and accessories before and after the fact.

Laws use a variety of terms to describe the mens rea requirements of crimes, including "willfully," "maliciously," "wrongfully" and "__________."

In certain crimes the intent that must be proven determines whether particular defenses are available to the defendant.

If we change the scenario so that Dryer has no knowledge of the crime until after it has been perpetrated and comes to the scene to rescue her boyfriend only after getting a call on her cell phone, then in most states Dryer would likely be considered:

Which of the following legal concepts comes into play in this case?

The intent requirement has no bearing on the defenses available to the defendant in a criminal trial.

Many mala prohibita crimes are strict liability offenses and therefore do not require proof of __________.

In this scenario Dryer would most likely be considered:

Under what circumstances might a person's failure to act constitute a criminal act?

In Holloway v.United States (1999) , the Supreme Court interpreted the federal carjacking statute as including a (an) __________ element.

Modern statutes tend to view an ____________ as being less culpable than someone who plans, assists, or commits a crime.