Question 1

Thomas and Chess refer to a child who tends to be glum, erratic in sleep and eating, and resistant to change as

Accepted Answer

A)  an easy child. 
B)  a slow-to-warm-up child. 
C)  a mixed temperament child. 
D)  a difficult child.

Question 2

Maturation is

Accepted Answer

A)  the age at which a baby can survive in the event of a premature birth. 
B)  the sequence of age-related changes that occur as a person progresses from conception to death. 
C)  development that reflects experience and learning. 
D)  development that reflects the gradual unfolding of one's genetic blueprint.

Question 3

Stefan tends to be a happy child and has a regular schedule for sleeping and eating. His mother reports that he is adaptable and not readily upset. According to Thomas and Chess, Stefan's attachment style would be classified as "easy".

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Palesa is upset because she is convinced that her brother has a bigger piece of cake than she does. Her dad quickly slices Palesa's piece of cake in two and tells her that she now has "more" cake. If Palesa calms down and is convinced that she does have more cake than her brother, it would suggest that she

Accepted Answer

A)  has not yet mastered object permanence. 
B)  does not understand the process of assimilation. 
C)  does not yet understand conservation. 
D)  is displaying egocentric reasoning.

Question 5

The psychologist who contributed significantly to our understanding of the cognitive development of children is

Accepted Answer

A)  Erik Erikson. 
B)  Sigmund Freud. 
C)  Lawrence Kohlberg. 
D)  Jean Piaget.

Question 6

Systematic problem-solving efforts are associated with individuals in the ____ stage of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A)  formal operational 
B)  concrete operational 
C)  preoperational 
D)  sensorimotor

Question 7

The correct sequence of the stages of prenatal development are

Accepted Answer

A)  germinal, foetal, embryonic. 
B)  embryonic, foetal, germinal. 
C)  germinal, embryonic, foetal. 
D)  foetal, germinal, embryonic.

Question 8

In the middle childhood years, the children who have healthier strategies for coping with stress and fewer problems with hostility to be children who

Accepted Answer

A)  had several siblings close to their own age. 
B)  had secure attachments during infancy. 
C)  started full-time day care before the age of two. 
D)  have no same-sexed siblings.

Question 9

The cephalocaudal trend in physical development suggests that infants will be able to control their

Accepted Answer

A)  hips and legs before they can control their shoulders and arms. 
B)  shoulders and arms before they can control their hands and fingers. 
C)  hands and fingers before they can control their shoulders and arms. 
D)  shoulders and arms before they can control their hips and legs.

Question 10

When Fred's mother was pregnant with him, she lived in an area with very high levels of air pollution. Based on research, Fred will be at increased risk for which of the following at age 5?

Accepted Answer

A)  lung cancer 
B)  heart disease 
C)  impaired cognitive development 
D)  asthma

Question 11

You are in a discussion on attachment behaviour and your friend says that she believes that infants are biologically programmed to emit behaviour that triggers a protective response from adult females. Which theorist is MOST likely to agree with Shari's views?

Accepted Answer

A)  Harry Harlow 
B)  Mary Ainsworth 
C)  John Bowlby 
D)  Jay Belsky

Question 12

Severe maternal malnutrition increases the risk of

Accepted Answer

A)  heart defects and irritability. 
B)  birth complications and neurological defects. 
C)  mental retardation. 
D)  delayed motor and mental development.

Question 13

The evidence suggests that insecure attachments (ambivalent or avoidant) occur most often in infants who have a slow-to-warm-up temperamental profile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A college student who is exploring different subjects and potential majors to help decide on a suitable career can be BEST considered to be in the identity status of

Accepted Answer

A)  identity achievement. 
B)  identity diffusion. 
C)  identity foreclosure. 
D)  identity moratorium.

Question 15

Byron is planning to ask his parents if he can borrow their car on Friday night. He is thinking about all the possible reasons they might bring up for not letting him use the car, and thinking of a logical reply to each of these possible objections. Based on Piaget's model of cognitive development, Byron's thought processes illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of formal operational thought. 
B)  the use of concrete operational thought. 
C)  egocentric reasoning. 
D)  postconventional reasoning.

Question 16

According to Erikson's theory of development, a sense of ____________________ develops in an infant whose basic biological and emotional needs are adequately met.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Erikson's theory of development, a...

Question 17

Shawn is concerned with how he compares to his peer group. For example, he is always trying to kick the football farther than his friends and he constantly wonders if he is doing as well in school as the other boys in his second grade class. According to Erikson, Shawn is most likely in the stage of

Accepted Answer

A)  initiative versus guilt. 
B)  autonomy versus shame and doubt. 
C)  identity versus role confusion. 
D)  industry versus inferiority.

Question 18

The suggestion that the ____________________ cortex, characterised as the "executive control centre" of the brain, appears to be the last area of the brain to fully mature has been used as a possible explanation for why ____________________ behaviour peaks during adolescence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The suggestion that the ____________________ cortex, characterised...

Question 19

The close, emotional bond of affection between an infant and its caregiver is called

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment. 
B)  dependency. 
C)  imprinting. 
D)  identification.

Question 20

The capacity to reproduce is attained during pubescence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Human Development

Thomas and Chess refer to a child who tends to be glum, erratic in sleep and eating, and resistant to change as

Maturation is

Stefan tends to be a happy child and has a regular schedule for sleeping and eating. His mother reports that he is adaptable and not readily upset. According to Thomas and Chess, Stefan's attachment style would be classified as "easy".

The psychologist who contributed significantly to our understanding of the cognitive development of children is

Systematic problem-solving efforts are associated with individuals in the ____ stage of cognitive development.

The correct sequence of the stages of prenatal development are

In the middle childhood years, the children who have healthier strategies for coping with stress and fewer problems with hostility to be children who

The cephalocaudal trend in physical development suggests that infants will be able to control their

When Fred's mother was pregnant with him, she lived in an area with very high levels of air pollution. Based on research, Fred will be at increased risk for which of the following at age 5?

You are in a discussion on attachment behaviour and your friend says that she believes that infants are biologically programmed to emit behaviour that triggers a protective response from adult females. Which theorist is MOST likely to agree with Shari's views?

Severe maternal malnutrition increases the risk of

The evidence suggests that insecure attachments (ambivalent or avoidant) occur most often in infants who have a slow-to-warm-up temperamental profile.

A college student who is exploring different subjects and potential majors to help decide on a suitable career can be BEST considered to be in the identity status of

According to Erikson's theory of development, a sense of ____________________ develops in an infant whose basic biological and emotional needs are adequately met.

Shawn is concerned with how he compares to his peer group. For example, he is always trying to kick the football farther than his friends and he constantly wonders if he is doing as well in school as the other boys in his second grade class. According to Erikson, Shawn is most likely in the stage of

The suggestion that the cortex, characterised as the "executive control centre" of the brain, appears to be the last area of the brain to fully mature has been used as a possible explanation for why behaviour peaks during adolescence.

The close, emotional bond of affection between an infant and its caregiver is called

The capacity to reproduce is attained during pubescence.