Which of the Following Normally Causes the Cardiac Output Curve

Multiple Choice

Which of the following normally causes the cardiac output curve to shift to the right along the right atrial pressure axis?

A) Changing intrapleural pressure to -6 mm Hg
B) Increasing mean systemic filling pressure
C) Taking a patient off a mechanical ventilator and allowing normal respiration
D) Surgically opening the chest
E) Breathing against a negative pressure