Question 1

According to Kamin, the blocking effect occurs because of which choice below?

Accepted Answer

A) Stimulus B fully predicts the US, and the subject habituates to stimulus A. 
B) Stimulus B predicts the US, and the subject is not surprised by the arrival of the US in later trials. 
C) Stimulus A predicts the US, and the subject is not surprised by the arrival of the US in later trials. 
D) Stimulus A does not predict the US, and the animal is startled by the arrival of the US in later trials.

Question 2

Hungry pigeons are presented with numerous tone-food pairings.The same birds are then presented with keylight- tone pairings and begin to peck at the keylight.Once keypecking develops, the birds are allowed to eat freely.Their keypeck behavior does not change.This suggests their response to the key is mediated by

Accepted Answer

A) S-S learning. 
B) S-R learning. 
C) R-R learning. 
D) R-S learning.

Question 3

Provide two examples of belongingness in classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide two examples of belongingness in classical...

Question 4

According to Pearce and Hall, the attention paid to the CS is determined by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) the surprisingness of the US on the previous trial 
B) the surprisingness of the US on the current trial 
C) the predicted surprisingness of the US on the next trial 
D) None of the above

Question 5

When live rats were used as the CS in Pavlovian food conditioning trials presented to other, subject rats, the subject rats treated the CS rats in a manner

Accepted Answer

A) predicted by the stimulus substitution model. 
B) predicted by the compensatory-response model. 
C) predicted by the US devaluation learning model. 
D) not predicted by any of the other answers presented here.

Question 6

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model, inhibition is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) the opposite of excitation 
B) the same as excitation 
C) unrelated to excitation 
D) unpredictable with the model

Question 7

The drug dinitrophenol causes increased oxygen consumption.According to the concept of conditioned diminution of the UR, which of the following is true regarding exposure to cues associated with dinitrophenol?

Accepted Answer

A) will also increase oxygen consumption 
B) will decrease oxygen consumption 
C) will not alter oxygen consumption 
D) will not actually alter oxygen consumption, but subjects will report a change in the affective aspects of oxygen consumption

Question 8

Which model suggests that whether conditioned responding reflects excitation or inhibition depends on the excitatory value of the CS and the excitatory value of contextual cues present during training?

Accepted Answer

A) the Rescorla-Wagner model 
B) the comparator hypothesis 
C) attentional models 
D) temporal models

Question 9

The concept of conditioned diminution of the UR challenges the stimulus substitution model because it suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) The CR and UR can be the same form and the same strength. 
B) The CR and UR can be the same form but not the same strength. 
C) The CR and UR can be opposing in form. 
D) The CR and UR are unrelated.

Question 10

The stimulus substitution model suggests that neural pathways, developed during conditioning trials, allow the CS to elicit the UR.What evidence supports this theory? What evidence is used to refute the stimulus substitution model?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The stimulus substitution model suggests that neural...

Question 11

Results from sexual conditioning studies in which CS-US intervals of varying duration were compared indicate which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) The CS comes to substitute for the US. 
B) The CR comes to oppose the UR. 
C) The CS comes to compensate for the UR. 
D) The CS comes to elicit responses predictable by behavior systems theory.

Question 12

In a sign tracking experiment, one group of pigeons will be trained with a water US, another with a food US.In a comparison of conditioned responding, you expect to find that pecking will develop in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) the food US group but not the water US group 
B) the water US group but not the food US group 
C) both groups, but pecking movements will be slower in the water US group 
D) both groups, but pecking movements will be slower in the food US group

Question 13

In fear conditioning studies, non-human primates learn fear

Accepted Answer

A) to fear relevant cues fastest because of genetic predispositions. 
B) to non-fear cues fastest because of CS preexposure effects. 
C) to flowers fastest because of US preexposure effects. 
D) at the same rate for all CSs because of the importance of learning about aversive stimuli.

Question 14

Which of the following regions provides a biological link that endows a CS with the capacity to elicit fear?

Accepted Answer

A) the basolateral amygdala 
B) the central amygdala 
C) the PAG 
D) the red nucleus

Question 15

From the selection below, select the true statement about stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A) Identification of CSs and USs is relative. 
B) Identification of CSs is relative, but USs do not need reference to other stimuli. 
C) Identification of USs is relative, but CSs do not need reference to other stimuli. 
D) Identification of CSs and USs does not rely on reference to other stimuli.

Exam 4: Classical Conditioning