Question 1

On a TV game show, you are asked which way Lincoln's head faces on a penny. You are unable to answer correctly, and you lose a large prize. Your memory failure is most likely a result of

Accepted Answer

A) the serial position effect. 
B) repression. 
C) encoding failure. 
D) priming.

Question 2

In the Loftus and Palmer experiment, participants were asked questions a week later about the filmed car accident they had seen. The participants that had been asked earlier about the cars that "smashed" into each other

Accepted Answer

A) reported that they could only remember a few details of the filmed accident. 
B) overestimated the speed of both vehicles in the filmed accident. 
C) reported seeing broken glass when there was none in the film. 
D) reported the correct color of the cars but not the make or model of the cars.

Question 3

You are introduced to Tim and Gina. Later when you see them, you cannot remember their names. If you try to guess their names, which of the following would most likely be your guess, considering how information is stored in short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A) Thomas and Glenda 
B) Tad and Gloria 
C) Jim and Tina 
D) George and Tanya

Question 4

You are asked how many windows are in your home. You are able to shut your eyes and "walk" through your home counting the windows along the way. This illustrates the use of

Accepted Answer

A) eidetic imagery. 
B) mental images. 
C) iconic memory. 
D) flashbulb memories.

Question 5

The key to the cognitive interview is

Accepted Answer

A) the use of progressive relaxation. 
B) the use of progressive part recollection and recovery of memories. 
C) priming of eidetic imagery. 
D) recreating the crime scene.

Question 6

Selective attention determines what information moves from

Accepted Answer

A) short-term memory to long-term memory. 
B) sensory memory to short-term memory. 
C) implicit memory to explicit memory. 
D) episodic memory to semantic memory.

Question 7

Luria studied Mr. S., who had an amazing memory. Concerning Mr. S.'s abilities, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Mr. S. had trouble separating trivia from important facts. 
B) Mr. S. had no difficulty separating fact from fantasy. 
C) Mr. S. had to devise ways to forget. 
D) Mr. S. made his living as a mnemonist.

Question 8

The three stages of memory include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) short-term memory. 
B) eidetic memory. 
C) sensory memory. 
D) long-term memory.

Question 9

The experiment by Peterson and Peterson that required subjects to count backwards by threes after hearing a number demonstrates the

Accepted Answer

A) importance of rehearsal for short-term memory. 
B) role of the relevance of information to memory. 
C) superiority of short-term memory over long-term memory. 
D) importance of chunking in memory.

Question 10

An "autobiographical" record of personal experiences makes up your __________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A) skill-based 
B) episodic 
C) semantic 
D) echoic

Question 11

Regarding flashbulb memories, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Flashbulb memories are usually only associated with positive events and rarely with negative events like public tragedies. 
B) Flashbulb memories are not always accurate. 
C) Although flashbulb memories are intense and permanent, people tend not to place too much confidence in their accuracy. 
D) Flashbulb memories are repressed memories of traumatic events.

Question 12

A member of your favorite study group from last semester is walking toward you in the mall, but you cannot remember her name. You are sure you would be able to remember her name if you were back on campus in the library room where the group met to study. Maybe when you hear her voice, her name will come back to you. You are experiencing

Accepted Answer

A) cue-dependent forgetting. 
B) encoding failure. 
C) repression. 
D) suppression.

Question 13

The graph that shows the amount of memorized information remembered after varying lengths of time is called the

Accepted Answer

A) scatter plot of memory loss. 
B) histogram of retention. 
C) memory interference scatter plot. 
D) curve of forgetting.

Question 14

After Barbara was robbed, the forensic psychologist took Barbara back to the dorm room in which the crime took place, hoping that aspects of the crime scene, such as sounds, smells, and objects, would provide helpful retrieval cues. The forensic psychologist then had Barbara recall the events in a different order and from different vantage points in the room. Every new memory, no matter how trivial was noted, since it might serve as a cue to trigger the retrieval of even more memories. Barbara is undergoing

Accepted Answer

A) retroactive priming. 
B) the progressive part method. 
C) retroactive consolidation. 
D) a cognitive interview.

Question 15

Learning tends to alter which aspect(s)of brain cells?

Accepted Answer

A) their activity 
B) their structure 
C) their chemistry 
D) all of these aspects

Question 16

Information in long-term memory can be retained for

Accepted Answer

A) 30 minutes 
B) one hour. 
C) ten hours. 
D) many years.

Question 17

Which of the following ways of measuring memory involves supplying or reproducing memorized information with a minimum of external cues?

Accepted Answer

A) relearning 
B) recognition 
C) recall 
D) redintegration

Question 18

After memorization, most forgetting tends to occur

Accepted Answer

A) immediately. 
B) two days to five days. 
C) one to two weeks. 
D) six months to one year.

Question 19

Cecil, Tony, and Juan have recently joined the school's marching band and will be playing tubas. Who will most likely have an initially easier time learning to play the tuba?

Accepted Answer

A) Cecil, who was the bugler at Boy Scout camp this past summer. 
B) Tony, who can play the guitar, bass, and piano. 
C) Juan, who has never played an instrument. 
D) All three will have equal difficulty in learning to play the tuba.

Question 20

If enough time is allowed to pass between learning and an electroconvulsive shock (ECS), the memory will be unaffected because which of the following is already complete?

Accepted Answer

A) redintegration 
B) consolidation 
C) positive transfer 
D) elaborative processing

Exam 7: Memory