Question 1

The new discipline of "ecological economics" calculates the value of an ecosystem, not in terms of what people are willing to pay for it, but in terms of what it would cost to provide the benefits and services that the ecosystem now furnishes us.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

According to Cambridge University biologist Andrew Balmford, the loss of nature's services is always outweighed by the benefits of development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to Holmes Rolston III,

Accepted Answer

A) naturalistic ethics ought to be abandoned. 
B) some natural objects are morally considerable in their own right, apart from human interests. 
C) all moral rights are derived from the interests of human beings. 
D) nature has no value apart from human beings.

Question 4

Cost-benefit analysis is a device used to determine whether it's worthwhile to incur a particular cost.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A moral of Garrett Hardin's parable "The Tragedy of the Commons" is that there can be a difference between the private costs and the social costs of a business activity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is true of a regulatory approach to environmental problems?

Accepted Answer

A) It proceeds on a case-by-case basis, dealing with each company's specific circumstances. 
B) It gives companies an incentive to do more than the minimum required by law. 
C) It requires the EPA or other body to determine the most effective, feasible pollution-control technology for each different industry. 
D) It involves the use of pricing mechanisms.

Question 7

One truth about factory farms is

Accepted Answer

A) they rarely inflict any genuine suffering on animals. 
B) they are larger than ever. 
C) they are necessary to feed the world. 
D) they are run by brutal people.

Question 8

According to the philosopher Joel Feinberg,

Accepted Answer

A) future generations of people have a right to be born. 
B) future generations have no moral rights. 
C) we have no duties to future generations. 
D) the rights of future generations are contingent upon those people coming into existence.

Question 9

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations

Accepted Answer

A) future people can claim a right to a livable environment. 
B) can not claim any right so we have limitied duties towards their welfare. 
C) have a right to be born and we have an obligation to uphold this. 
D) have interests that we can affect, for better or worse, right now.

Question 10

The term ecology refers to the science of the

Accepted Answer

A) independent nature of individual ecosystems and animal species. 
B) relationships between predators and prey withing a given environment. 
C) total ecological community, both living and nonliving. 
D) interrelationships among organisms and their environments.

Question 11

The "tragedy of the commons" is

Accepted Answer

A) the lack of a commons-a common place where people can come together. 
B) the failure to appreciate what we have in common with other species. 
C) that cost-benefit analysis involves value judgments that we do not share in common. 
D) that individual pursuit of self-interest can sometimes make everyone worse off.

Question 12

One of the attitudes prevalent in business that has led to increased environmental problems is the tendency to view the natural world as a free and unlimited good.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Animal manure

Accepted Answer

A) is not available in sufficient quantities to replenish agricultural land. 
B) is a large source of pollution. 
C) helps counteract the "greenhouse effect". 
D) is potentially more dangerous than nuclear power.

Question 14

Does that fact that McDonalds gave in to public opinion mean that all businesses should do the same?  Is there every a time that a business can tell the environmental people that they will not abide by the regulations or requests?  Describe those conditions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Does that fact that McDonalds gave in...

Question 15

Any equitable solution to the problem of who should pay the bill for environmental cleanup should take into account responsibility as well as benefit.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

William F. Baxter addresses environmental ethics by noting

Accepted Answer

A) the best ethical position to adopt on environmental issues is a naturalistic position. 
B) non-human animals have intrinsic value. 
C) judgments about environmental problems ought to be people-oriented. 
D) damage to geological "marvels" is inherently wrong and should be prevented.

Question 17

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations of people have a right to be born.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Briefly describe the two popular answers to the question of who should pay the costs of environmental protections and restorations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the two popular answers to...

Question 19

Business must be sensitive to its impacts on the physical environment primarily because of the

Accepted Answer

A) fiscal obligations a business has to its stockholders. 
B) intrusion into an ecosystem frequently causes favorable effects. 
C) interdependence of an ecosystem's elements. 
D) possible public perception of negligence and potential legal implications.

Question 20

When it comes to the protecting animal rights, the United States is far ahead of Europe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: The Environment

The new discipline of "ecological economics" calculates the value of an ecosystem, not in terms of what people are willing to pay for it, but in terms of what it would cost to provide the benefits and services that the ecosystem now furnishes us.

According to Cambridge University biologist Andrew Balmford, the loss of nature's services is always outweighed by the benefits of development.

According to Holmes Rolston III,

Cost-benefit analysis is a device used to determine whether it's worthwhile to incur a particular cost.

A moral of Garrett Hardin's parable "The Tragedy of the Commons" is that there can be a difference between the private costs and the social costs of a business activity.

Which of the following is true of a regulatory approach to environmental problems?

One truth about factory farms is

According to the philosopher Joel Feinberg,

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations

The term ecology refers to the science of the

The "tragedy of the commons" is

One of the attitudes prevalent in business that has led to increased environmental problems is the tendency to view the natural world as a free and unlimited good.

Animal manure

Does that fact that McDonalds gave in to public opinion mean that all businesses should do the same? Is there every a time that a business can tell the environmental people that they will not abide by the regulations or requests? Describe those conditions.

Any equitable solution to the problem of who should pay the bill for environmental cleanup should take into account responsibility as well as benefit.

William F. Baxter addresses environmental ethics by noting

According to Joel Feinberg, future generations of people have a right to be born.

Briefly describe the two popular answers to the question of who should pay the costs of environmental protections and restorations.

Business must be sensitive to its impacts on the physical environment primarily because of the

When it comes to the protecting animal rights, the United States is far ahead of Europe.