Question 1

According to the text, Harlow's research on attachment demonstrated that monkeys who were socially isolated displayed an inability to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) nurture their offspring 
B) defend themselves 
C) function independently of other monkeys 
D) acquire food

Question 2

Newborns typically exhibit ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) well-developed vision 
B) preference for certain smells 
C) an inability to discriminate between different tastes 
D) hearing that is sharper than that of the average adult

Question 3

George dumps a bag of marbles onto the ground, scattering the marbles all over. He tells his mother that there are more marbles now. George is demonstrating that he has not achieved the concept of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) object permanence 
B) accommodation 
C) symbols 
D) conservation

Question 4

Kelvin described, logically and in detail, an imaginary community on Mars-including how people would survive without oxygen and what new laws would be needed. According to Piaget, Kelvin is in the ____ stage of cognitive development. ​

Accepted Answer

A) sensorimotor 
B) preoperational 
C) concrete operational 
D) formal operational

Question 5

"When Myoung hears the music outside, she runs to her piggy bank." Most people realize that Myoung is going to get money to buy ice cream from a vendor. This is due to the correct use of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive maps 
B) artificial concepts 
C) propositions 
D) scripts

Question 6

Unlike John Locke, French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that children were able to discover how the world operates and how they should behave ____ from adults. ​

Accepted Answer

A) with instruction 
B) with instruction but no supervision 
C) with instruction and close supervision 
D) without instruction

Question 7

The main focus of developmental psychology is the study of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) whether nature or nurture causes behavior 
B) how people change across the lifespan 
C) the psychosocial stages of development 
D) the maturation of children

Question 8

Harlow's studies with two artificial mothers concluded that ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) infant monkeys were motivated by the need for contact and comfort 
B) females isolated at birth from all social contact still develop into good mothers 
C) infant monkeys are more attached to caregivers who provide food than to caregivers who provide comfort 
D) monkeys were able to successfully overcome maternal separation and being socially isolated for years

Question 9

Emily is very controlling and never allows her daughter, Jill, to initiate any activities. According to Erikson, eventually Jill will most likely experience ____ when she tries to act independently. ​

Accepted Answer

A) mistrust 
B) guilt 
C) role confusion 
D) stagnation

Question 10

Agatha is a graduate student studying behavioral genetics. In other words, she is most likely learning about ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) the characteristics of a single individual rather than differences between individuals 
B) how hereditary factors cause behaviors and traits, independent of environment 
C) how genes and the environment influence specific aspects of development 
D) how children learn about the world independent of instructions from adults

Question 11

Julio is not able to go to school because his family is poor and in his country, school is not free. His lack of schooling will be most likely to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) contribute to role confusion 
B) leave him with a sense of isolation 
C) decrease his concrete operational skills 
D) decrease his formal operational skills

Question 12

Tavis is in Piaget's concrete operations stage of development. Accordingly, Tavis has recently learned to ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) understand, create, and use symbols that represent things that are not present 
B) take in new information about objects by using existing schemas 
C) understand conservation, add, subtract, and measure 
D) engage in hypothetical thinking and abstract reasoning

Question 13

Cheri, a first-grader, acts immature for her age. She frequently throws temper tantrums in school and is very dependent on her mother and teacher. She strikes others as a fairly unhappy child. Cheri's parents are most likely ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) authoritative 
B) permissive 
C) authoritarian 
D) ambivalent

Question 14

Grandma Burns lived to the age of 102. To better understand how she lived a long life, you ask your family physician. Your physician is least likely to cite which factor of her life trajectory as a key to her longevity? ​

Accepted Answer

A) having positive self-perceptions in middle adulthood 
B) being introverted as a child 
C) being a woman 
D) having a group of genes that inhibit aging

Question 15

By one month of age, babies will stare longest at which of the following? ​

Accepted Answer

A) objects with little contrast 
B) human faces or face-like drawings 
C) colorful, small-patterned wallpaper 
D) stationary objects

Question 16

You are a contestant on a new game show "Psychologize!" You select a question on attachment, and the host asks you to complete the following: As an infant, Bernard's attachment is described as inconsistent, disturbed, and disturbing. You conclude that Bernard has a(n)____ attachment behavior. ​

Accepted Answer

A) avoidant 
B) secure 
C) disorganized 
D) ambivalent

Question 17

When Claude is angry, he has learned to count to ten in order to control his anger. This is an example of ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) self-regulation 
B) empathy 
C) pretend play 
D) conservation

Question 18

Rashaun watches his toy disappear behind the couch and immediately looks away toward another toy. According to Piaget, Rashaun is most likely ____year(s)of age and in the ____ stage. ​

Accepted Answer

A) one; sensorimotor 
B) one; preoperational 
C) three; sensorimotor 
D) three; preoperational

Question 19

Three-year-old Quentin is wearing sunglasses. Even though the white wall appears brown to him through the sunglasses, he understands that his friend Felicia sees the wall as white because she is not wearing any glasses. Quentin's observation ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) explains the phenomena of object permanence 
B) is consistent with Kohlberg's conventional stage of reasoning 
C) demonstrates a limitation to Piaget's theory 
D) suggests that generativity may occur earlier in the lifespan

Question 20

Marlon, an older adult, would like to extend his longevity. According to your text, Marlon should not ____. ​

Accepted Answer

A) restrict his caloric intake 
B) get a pet 
C) live independently 
D) be unwilling to try new things

Exam 11: Human Development

According to the text, Harlow's research on attachment demonstrated that monkeys who were socially isolated displayed an inability to ____.

Newborns typically exhibit ____.

George dumps a bag of marbles onto the ground, scattering the marbles all over. He tells his mother that there are more marbles now. George is demonstrating that he has not achieved the concept of ____.

Kelvin described, logically and in detail, an imaginary community on Mars-including how people would survive without oxygen and what new laws would be needed. According to Piaget, Kelvin is in the ____ stage of cognitive development.

"When Myoung hears the music outside, she runs to her piggy bank." Most people realize that Myoung is going to get money to buy ice cream from a vendor. This is due to the correct use of ____.

Unlike John Locke, French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau believed that children were able to discover how the world operates and how they should behave ____ from adults.

The main focus of developmental psychology is the study of ____.

Harlow's studies with two artificial mothers concluded that ____.

Emily is very controlling and never allows her daughter, Jill, to initiate any activities. According to Erikson, eventually Jill will most likely experience ____ when she tries to act independently.

Agatha is a graduate student studying behavioral genetics. In other words, she is most likely learning about ____.

Julio is not able to go to school because his family is poor and in his country, school is not free. His lack of schooling will be most likely to ____.

Tavis is in Piaget's concrete operations stage of development. Accordingly, Tavis has recently learned to ____.

Cheri, a first-grader, acts immature for her age. She frequently throws temper tantrums in school and is very dependent on her mother and teacher. She strikes others as a fairly unhappy child. Cheri's parents are most likely ____.

Grandma Burns lived to the age of 102. To better understand how she lived a long life, you ask your family physician. Your physician is least likely to cite which factor of her life trajectory as a key to her longevity?

By one month of age, babies will stare longest at which of the following?

You are a contestant on a new game show "Psychologize!" You select a question on attachment, and the host asks you to complete the following: As an infant, Bernard's attachment is described as inconsistent, disturbed, and disturbing. You conclude that Bernard has a(n) ____ attachment behavior.

When Claude is angry, he has learned to count to ten in order to control his anger. This is an example of ____.

Rashaun watches his toy disappear behind the couch and immediately looks away toward another toy. According to Piaget, Rashaun is most likely year(s) of age and in the stage.

Three-year-old Quentin is wearing sunglasses. Even though the white wall appears brown to him through the sunglasses, he understands that his friend Felicia sees the wall as white because she is not wearing any glasses. Quentin's observation ____.

Marlon, an older adult, would like to extend his longevity. According to your text, Marlon should not ____.