Question 1

Compare and contrast transitional and stable bilingualism. Discuss the role of language ideology in these two sorts of bilingual situation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast transitional and stable bilingualism....

Question 2

A protolanguage is a language that more closely corresponds to the deep structures in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The gradual loss in English of the - ly ending on adverbs such as quickly and slowly is example of which of the following kinds of language change?

Accepted Answer

A) internal change 
B) external change 
C) language degradation 
D) reanalysis

Question 4

The difference between language and dialect has mostly to do with

Accepted Answer

A) strict linguistic measures of mutual intelligibility. 
B) the number of words that are shared. 
C) social and political attitudes of the speakers. 
D) how long ago two groups of speakers split apart.

Question 5

Which of the following are most easily borrowed between languages?

Accepted Answer

A) words 
B) sounds 
C) grammatical forms 
D) phonemes

Question 6

Which of the following best defines the meaning of "genetically related" languages?

Accepted Answer

A) languages spoken by people who are genetically related 
B) languages spoken by members of the same race 
C) languages thought to have developed from a common ancestor language 
D) languages belonging to the a single language community

Question 7

Theoretical linguists rely on the idea of a ________, or innate grammar, to explain how children form creoles out of pidgins.

Accepted Answer

A) calque 
B) phyla 
C) bioprogram 
D) cognate

Question 8

In the 1950s, Morris Swadesh developed an approach to dating how long ago two languages split apart. This technique is called

Accepted Answer

A) lexicography. 
B) lexicogenetics. 
C) glottochronology. 
D) chronolinguistics.

Question 9

The word ___________ is an example of both a coined word and a word which has experienced meaning shift.

Accepted Answer

A) bogus 
B) butterpillar 
C) spam 
D) uptight

Question 10

"Proto-World" is a highly developed reconstructed protolanguage.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Once we have reconstructed a protolanguage, we should be able to infer something about the culture of the people who spoke the language and the region in which it may have been spoken.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Recent reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European suggests that it was first spoken in

Accepted Answer

A) on river islands in central Europe. 
B) coastal areas where fishing was plentiful. 
C) the savannah. 
D) a temperate, forested climate.

Question 13

A situation in which individuals and communities maintain their bilingualism on a long-term basis is known as

Accepted Answer

A) stable bilingualism. 
B) transitional bilingualism. 
C) academic bilingualism. 
D) standardized bilingualism.

Question 14

A creole is a language that

Accepted Answer

A) developed as a trade language. 
B) developed from a pidgin. 
C) has no grammar. 
D) is native to no one.

Question 15

In cases of nonaccommodating bilingualism, speakers of one language cannot understand anything that speakers of the other language say.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

An example of change in response to contact and borrowing between language is

Accepted Answer

A) the development of such English words as "terrific" and "blog." 
B) the misanalysis in English of "I'm all shook up" as "emulsha cup." 
C) the use of the French [ʒ] sound in English words like "rouge." 
D) the regularization of the English plural "fish" to "fishes."

Question 17

When a creole is developed, the language that provides the bulk of the vocabulary for the creole is known as a(n)________ language.

Accepted Answer

A) mock 
B) external 
C) isolate 
D) lexifier

Exam 9: Change and Choice

Compare and contrast transitional and stable bilingualism. Discuss the role of language ideology in these two sorts of bilingual situation.

A protolanguage is a language that more closely corresponds to the deep structures in the brain.

The gradual loss in English of the - ly ending on adverbs such as quickly and slowly is example of which of the following kinds of language change?

The difference between language and dialect has mostly to do with

Which of the following are most easily borrowed between languages?

Which of the following best defines the meaning of "genetically related" languages?

Theoretical linguists rely on the idea of a ________, or innate grammar, to explain how children form creoles out of pidgins.

In the 1950s, Morris Swadesh developed an approach to dating how long ago two languages split apart. This technique is called

The word ___________ is an example of both a coined word and a word which has experienced meaning shift.

"Proto-World" is a highly developed reconstructed protolanguage.

Once we have reconstructed a protolanguage, we should be able to infer something about the culture of the people who spoke the language and the region in which it may have been spoken.

Recent reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European suggests that it was first spoken in

A situation in which individuals and communities maintain their bilingualism on a long-term basis is known as

A creole is a language that

In cases of nonaccommodating bilingualism, speakers of one language cannot understand anything that speakers of the other language say.

An example of change in response to contact and borrowing between language is

When a creole is developed, the language that provides the bulk of the vocabulary for the creole is known as a(n) ________ language.