Question 1

Racial profiling studies consistently show that black drivers are more likely to have their cars searched, even though they are less likely to have contraband than white drivers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Rawls's theory of justice is consistent with rights-based theories of justice.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

You are the mayor of a major Midwestern city with a recent history of racial unrest. After an unarmed black teenager is shot by police, you must create substantial reforms that restore the community's faith in the police, and a policy, which allows for restorative justice. Describe the ethical and theoretical basis for the reforms you will make.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are the mayor of a major...

Question 4

Mary owns her own consulting business. Among her employees are: Sue-the receptionist and a single mother of three Joe-the web designer and marketing manager, single, has an MBA
Alan-a married salesman who makes few sales and cares for an elderly parent Carla-an unmarried salesperson who makes the majority of the company's sales.
Assume that Mary agrees with libertarian theories. All of the following are possible except :

Accepted Answer

A) Carla would be the highest-paid employee because of the business she brings in. 
B) Alan and Sue would be paid more than their work seems to deserve, due to their family needs. 
C) Mary would divide the company's profits equally among all employees. 
D) Mary would expect the government to tell her how to pay the employees.

Question 5

Before coming to trial, Sam was assigned a public defender, was informed of the charges, and was given a chance to review the evidence against him. At the trial, the prosecutor called the crime scene investigator to the stand, and she provided scientific evidence to show that Sam had indeed been inside the victim's home. These pretrial activities are part of the practice of:

Accepted Answer

A) procedural justice. 
B) substantive justice. 
C) restorative justice. 
D) peacemaking justice.

Question 6

Before coming to trial, Sam was assigned a public defender, was informed of the charges, and was given a chance to review the evidence against him. At the trial, the prosecutor called the crime scene investigator to the stand, and she provided scientific evidence to show that Sam had indeed been inside the victim's home. In order to be allowed at trial, the evidence that the crime scene investigator presented would have had to meet:

Accepted Answer

A) the "Rawls test." 
B) the "veil of ignorance test." 
C) the "impartiality standard." 
D) the "Daubert standard."

Question 7

Under the utilitarian rationale for punishment, we weigh the punishment to the crime in order to balance the wrong to society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Discuss the procedural and substantive justice approaches to the death penalty in the United States, and discuss what conclusions the Supreme Court has come to on the issue.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the procedural and substantive justice approaches...

Question 9

Under the retributive system, the reason we punish is for the greater good of society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Bentham theorized that people rationally choose their behaviors by weighing the pleasure or benefit of their actions against the potential pain or cost. This process is known as:

Accepted Answer

A) the veil of ignorance. 
B) the avoidance principle. 
C) ethical formalism. 
D) hedonistic calculus.

Question 11

Which of the following theories give need the most weight?

Accepted Answer

A) Libertarian 
B) Utilitarian 
C) Egalitarian 
D) Marxist

Question 12

What metaphor did Rawls employ to indicate that people will distribute most fairly when they do not know how they will benefit from the distribution?

Accepted Answer

A) Blindfolded justice 
B) The torch of liberty 
C) A veil of ignorance 
D) A curtain of discretion

Question 13

____________ justice is concerned with ensuring the best possible outcome for society at large.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________ justice is concerned with ensuring the...

Question 14

______________ theories of distributive justice attempt to maximize benefits for overall society.

Accepted Answer

A) Libertarian 
B) Utilitarian 
C) Egalitarian 
D) Marxist

Question 15

Compare and contrast substantive justice and procedural justice. Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast substantive justice and procedural...

Question 16

The concept of hedonistic calculus is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A) Rawls. 
B) Bentham. 
C) Hirschi. 
D) Sutherland.

Question 17

The Supreme Court has definitively ruled that innocence is more important than legal rules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

___________ theories place need above desert or entitlement.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ___________ theories place need above desert or...

Question 19

________ is an approach to corrective justice that focuses on meeting the needs of offenders as well as victims.

Accepted Answer

A) Distributive justice 
B) Restorative justice 
C) Civil justice 
D) Utilitarian justice

Question 20

Describe Aristotle's two categories of justice.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe Aristotle's two categories of justice....

Exam 3: Justice and Law

Racial profiling studies consistently show that black drivers are more likely to have their cars searched, even though they are less likely to have contraband than white drivers.

Rawls's theory of justice is consistent with rights-based theories of justice.

Under the utilitarian rationale for punishment, we weigh the punishment to the crime in order to balance the wrong to society.

Discuss the procedural and substantive justice approaches to the death penalty in the United States, and discuss what conclusions the Supreme Court has come to on the issue.

Under the retributive system, the reason we punish is for the greater good of society.

Bentham theorized that people rationally choose their behaviors by weighing the pleasure or benefit of their actions against the potential pain or cost. This process is known as:

Which of the following theories give need the most weight?

What metaphor did Rawls employ to indicate that people will distribute most fairly when they do not know how they will benefit from the distribution?

____________ justice is concerned with ensuring the best possible outcome for society at large.

______________ theories of distributive justice attempt to maximize benefits for overall society.

Compare and contrast substantive justice and procedural justice. Give an example of each.

The concept of hedonistic calculus is associated with:

The Supreme Court has definitively ruled that innocence is more important than legal rules.

___________ theories place need above desert or entitlement.

________ is an approach to corrective justice that focuses on meeting the needs of offenders as well as victims.

Describe Aristotle's two categories of justice.