Question 1

Suppose that some people have just been randomly assigned to two different teams. Research suggests that these people would be likely to exhibit discriminatory behavior (favoring the ingroup, and disfavoring the outgroup)____.

Accepted Answer

A) immediately, as soon as the groups had been defined 
B) as soon as their ingroup became an important part of their personal identity 
C) only after the two teams had engaged in direct competition 
D) only after they had "bonded" with their ingroup by enduring a shared hardship

Question 2

Christian constantly complains about immigrants and blames them for problems he encounters at work, for personal financial problems, and even for personal romantic problems. As he sees it, virtually everything is "their fault." Not surprisingly, and in part as a result of this pattern of blaming, Christian also holds a rather negative view of immigrant groups. Which of the following best captures Christian's pattern of behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) aversive prejudice 
B) the confirmation bias 
C) scapegoat theory 
D) the self-serving bias

Question 3

Implicit prejudiced attitudes are ____.

Accepted Answer

A) fairly uncommon and do a poor job of predicting behavior 
B) fairly uncommon, but do a good job of predicting behavior 
C) fairly common, but do a poor job of predicting behavior 
D) fairly common and do a good job of predicting behavior

Question 4

Compare and contrast implicit prejudice and explicit prejudice. Which do you think is "real" (if either), and why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast implicit prejudice and explicit...

Question 5

Recall Muzafer Sherif's research with two groups of 11-year boys camping at Robber's Cave (the "Eagles" and the "Rattlers"). Which of the following theories best accounts for the kind of prejudice that existed between these groups?

Accepted Answer

A) The contact hypothesis 
B) Realistic conflict theory 
C) Social dominance theory 
D) Symbolic politics theory

Question 6

The stereotype threat impairs performance because of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) discrimination 
B) anxiety 
C) scapegoating 
D) intergroup contact

Question 7

Scapegoat theory proposes that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) people are far more likely to take the credit when they encounter successes than they are to take the blame when they encounter failures 
B) people blame their problems and misfortunes on outgroups, and therefore hold negative attitudes toward those outgroups 
C) people attend more to information that supports their existing views than they do to information that disconfirms their existing views 
D) compared to positive stereotypes, negative stereotypes are more easily adopted and have greater staying power

Question 8

According to the textbook, which of the following statements is most accurate regarding prejudice towards Arabs and Muslims living in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A) Prejudice and discrimination against Arabs and Muslims living in the United States has increased dramatically since the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks. 
B) Prejudice and discrimination against Arabs and Muslims living in the United States has actually decreased since the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks. 
C) Prejudice and discrimination against Arabs and Muslims living in the United States is about the same as before the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks. 
D) The U.S. government has banned research on the topic of prejudice and discrimination against Arabs and Muslims living in the United States since the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks.

Question 9

The human tendency for rapid, pervasive social categorization is most in line with the idea of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the representativeness heuristic 
B) the cognitive miser 
C) the "tend and befriend" instinct 
D) self-regulation

Question 10

Social psychologists use the term ____ to describe the feeling of fear that people sometimes have that they will confirm a certain stereotype.

Accepted Answer

A) "discontinuity effect" 
B) "aversive racism" 
C) "stereotype threat" 
D) "self-defeating prophecy"

Question 11

Chuck is a middle-aged white man who is extremely liberal politically, and firm in his belief that all ethnic and racial groups should be given equal opportunities to succeed. Even so, Chuck never had friends who were minorities when he was growing up, and he sometimes feels uncomfortable interacting with minorities. Chuck is most likely ____.

Accepted Answer

A) an aversive racist 
B) high in social dominance orientation 
C) experiencing the discontinuity effect 
D) maintaining stereotypes about minority groups, but is not prejudiced

Question 12

Positive intergroup contact can effectively reduce prejudice through ____.

Accepted Answer

A) avoiding contact with outgroup members until necessary 
B) competitive exercises with outgroup members 
C) imagined positive interactions with outgroup members 
D) testing positive interactions under adverse conditions

Question 13

Suppose that the CEO of a financial consulting company employs only tall people. Even though this CEO interviews equal numbers of short and tall applicants who are qualified to work at his company, he never hires any of the short ones. According to social psychologists, the CEO's behavior would be best described as an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) stereotyping 
B) discrimination 
C) prejudice 
D) aversive prejudice

Question 14

Recall Muzafer Sherif's research with two groups of 11-year-old boys camping at Robber's Cave (the "Eagles" and the "Rattlers"). The groups were fiercely competitive for several weeks. What triggered a peaceful reconciliation? That is, how was their animosity finally brought to an end?

Accepted Answer

A) They were brought into more and more frequent contact with one another. 
B) They engaged in a number of tasks that built perspective-taking abilities. 
C) They were put in a situation that established a clear winner and a clear loser. 
D) They were put in a situation where they needed to cooperate in order to achieve a superordinate goal.

Question 15

Max is on a date with Ella. Ella is an obese woman. People around Max look at him as if he is less successful than he actually is because he is on a date with an obese woman.  This is an example of ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Max is on a date with Ella....

Question 16

Which of the following provides evidence of stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

A) IQ scores do not accurately predict income. 
B) People work harder on tasks when they are rewarded for successes than they do when they are punished for failures. 
C) When intelligence tests are culturally biased (e.g., when they include examples that are only known to particular cultural groups), they tend to reinforce race-based stereotypes about intelligence. 
D) Women perform worse than men on math tests when they believe that the test produces gender bias, but they perform the same as men when they believe that the test produces no gender differences.

Question 17

When the United States experienced terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, many felt that the government should go after Osama bin Laden. Chasing down bin Laden is an example of a superordinate goal.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Prejudice against atheists seems most rooted in ____.

Accepted Answer

A) competition 
B) envy 
C) insecurity 
D) distrust

Question 19

Suppose that Madison has just begun dating Wayne. While at his house, she notices some family photos on the coffee table. She notices that-even though Wayne himself is not overweight-every other member of his family is clearly obese. Somehow, this makes Wayne seem less attractive to Madison. Madison's attitude illustrates ____.

Accepted Answer

A) prejudice contagion 
B) stigma by association 
C) the discontinuity effect 
D) the social context bias

Question 20

The human mind appears to be innately programmed to think about people as individuals, rather than to engage in social categorization (by clumping people into social groups).

Accepted Answer