Question 1

Who would have the least amount of interest in children's thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  an information-processing theorist 
B)  a Skinnerian theorist 
C)  a Vygotskian theorist 
D)  a Piagetian theorist

Question 2

A new developmental theory of personality emerges. This new theory states that adult personality is markedly different from personality in childhood, is completely determined by the environment, and develops the same across cultures. Describe the three recurring issues in human development and explain where this new theory stands in relation to these three issues.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A new developmental theory of personality emerges....

Question 3

Imitation is most closely related to the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement 
B)  life-cycle forces 
C)  selective optimization 
D)  observational learning

Question 4

Qualitative research differs from quantitative research because it

Accepted Answer

A)  is conducted in the laboratory 
B)  seeks to gain an understanding of what governs behavior 
C)  is non-correlational 
D)  relies heavily on statistical analysis

Question 5

How would Erik Erikson respond to the statement, "A midlife crisis is a normal part of the human life-cycle"?

Accepted Answer

A)  He would agree. 
B)  He would disagree and point out that there is no "normal" progression of human development. 
C)  He would disagree and point out that "crises" are not a normal part of human development. 
D)  He would say nothing since he focused on development between birth and adolescence.

Question 6

Based on a study that finds that self-esteem is negatively correlated with college grades, which person would you predict would have the highest grades?

Accepted Answer

A)  Michael, who has very high self-esteem 
B)  Davey, who has average self-esteem 
C)  Peter, who has very low self-esteem 
D)  Lisa, who refuses to answer the study questions

Question 7

When Dr. R. Carson is asked to explain troubled adolescents, she says, "The only way to explain the problems of adolescents is to study them in relation to their parents and the culture that surrounds them." Dr. R. Carson is most likely a proponent of ____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychodynamic 
B)  cognitive developmental 
C)  ecological 
D)  social cognitive

Question 8

The universal and context-specific developmental issue concerns whether there is just one path of development or several.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The field of ____ gives us information about how the four developmental forces interact with each other.

Accepted Answer

A)  biology 
B)  neuroscience 
C)  anthropology 
D)  sociology

Question 10

In a structured observation, a researcher creates a setting that is likely to bring out the behavior of interest.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Vygotsky's key insight was to view development as an apprenticeship in which children develop as they work with skilled adults.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Kelly is doing research on the effect of birth order on personality. Rather than collecting data on a new set of subjects, she is analyzing hundreds of studies that have already been done on this topic and is going to attempt to come up with an overall estimate of what all these other studies have found. What sort of study is Kelly doing?

Accepted Answer

A)  experiment 
B)  meta-analysis 
C)  correlational 
D)  longitudinal

Question 13

Nemo wishes to leave home and begin an adventure that will challenge his skills as a person and lead to a better understanding of himself. According to Erik Erikson, Nemo is in which stage of psychosocial development?

Accepted Answer

A)  generativity vs. stagnation 
B)  identity vs. identity confusion 
C)  autonomy vs. shame 
D)  basic trust vs. mistrust

Question 14

Dr. Rubeus is studying how teenagers think about high school by asking them to answer several questions related to their classroom experiences. It is most likely that Dr. Rubeus's research involves a(n) ____ method.

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation 
B)  structured observation 
C)  experiment 
D)  self-report

Question 15

Dr. Link tries to help his students learn how to be independent learners by having them watch how other students can be successful by researching answers to possible test questions on their smartphones. Dr. Link is using principles of ____ to help his students.

Accepted Answer

A)  social learning theory 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  cognitive-developmental theory 
D)  psychosocial theory

Question 16

Outcomes of developmental research can have important implications for social policy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

When explaining an individual's behavior, proponents of ecological theory would say that you have to consider factors outside of the individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which term does not belong in this group?

Accepted Answer

A)  experiential 
B)  nurture 
C)  environmental 
D)  hereditary

Question 19

Orlaith is interested in studying the impact of growing up during the Great Recession on the saving and spending habits of individuals. Orlaith's perspective is best described as a ____ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  life-course 
B)  life-span 
C)  social cognitive 
D)  psychosocial

Question 20

Which correlation coefficient value indicates the strongest relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  -.23 
B)  .57 
C)  .15 
D)  -.82

Exam 1: The Study of Human Development

Who would have the least amount of interest in children's thinking?

Imitation is most closely related to the concept of

Qualitative research differs from quantitative research because it

How would Erik Erikson respond to the statement, "A midlife crisis is a normal part of the human life-cycle"?

Based on a study that finds that self-esteem is negatively correlated with college grades, which person would you predict would have the highest grades?

When Dr. R. Carson is asked to explain troubled adolescents, she says, "The only way to explain the problems of adolescents is to study them in relation to their parents and the culture that surrounds them." Dr. R. Carson is most likely a proponent of ____ theory.

The universal and context-specific developmental issue concerns whether there is just one path of development or several.

The field of ____ gives us information about how the four developmental forces interact with each other.

In a structured observation, a researcher creates a setting that is likely to bring out the behavior of interest.

Vygotsky's key insight was to view development as an apprenticeship in which children develop as they work with skilled adults.

Nemo wishes to leave home and begin an adventure that will challenge his skills as a person and lead to a better understanding of himself. According to Erik Erikson, Nemo is in which stage of psychosocial development?

Dr. Rubeus is studying how teenagers think about high school by asking them to answer several questions related to their classroom experiences. It is most likely that Dr. Rubeus's research involves a(n) ____ method.

Dr. Link tries to help his students learn how to be independent learners by having them watch how other students can be successful by researching answers to possible test questions on their smartphones. Dr. Link is using principles of ____ to help his students.

Outcomes of developmental research can have important implications for social policy.

When explaining an individual's behavior, proponents of ecological theory would say that you have to consider factors outside of the individual.

Which term does not belong in this group?

Orlaith is interested in studying the impact of growing up during the Great Recession on the saving and spending habits of individuals. Orlaith's perspective is best described as a ____ perspective.

Which correlation coefficient value indicates the strongest relationship?