Question 1

What is meant by the "Mediterranean diet," and what might a typical day's meal plan look like? What nutrients is this diet particularly high or low in? Comment on your ability to follow this way of eating.

Accepted Answer

The "Mediterranean diet" refers to the nutritional habits of people living in Greece, France, Italy, and other countries around the Mediterranean Sea. Only a fraction of the heart disease and related deaths experienced by people living in Western, industrial countries like the United States is seen in these particular countries. 
The traditional "Mediterranean diet" is rich in fruits, vegetables, grains, fish, and beans, whereas most American diets include much more meat and other animal products known to be high in saturated fat. Thus, the Mediterranean diet is high in the vitamins, minerals, fiber, and phytochemicals that keep bodies healthy and low in saturated fat, because Mediterranean people consume so little meat and butter.

Question 2

To lower blood cholesterol, an atherogenic diet plan advocates keeping saturated fat to less than five to six percent of daily calories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Linolenic acid is one of the fatty acids synthesized by the human body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Jamal's girlfriend insists that margarine is better than butter but he learns that  she is wrong in his nutrition course. How can Jamal encourage a discussion with his girlfriend to address thenegative aspects of margarine in the diet?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jamal's girlfriend insists that margarine is better...

Question 5

Fat that enters the small intestine is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   immediately digested by enzymes from the pancreas
B)   immediately emulsified by bile from the gallbladder
C)   absorbed as is through the villi packaged as a chylomicron
D)   trapped in fiber and carried out of the body
E)   transported to the large intestine where digestion begins

Question 6

For most Americans, the most important dietary change to make in order to reduce blood LDL-cholesterol levels is to reduce intake of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   polyunsaturated fat
B)   cholesterol
C)   saturated and trans fats
D)   monounsaturated fat
E)   fish oils

Question 7

Sam and Regina have a two-year old daughter, Keira. Sam believes they should put Keira on a low-fat diet like the one he and Regina follow. What advice would you give these parents?

Accepted Answer

A)   Try to prevent heart problems by limiting Keira's fat calories to 20 to 35 percent of calories.
B)   Take proactive measures and limit her fat intake to less than 20 percent of calories.
C)   Monitor Keira's fat intake to include 30 to 40 percent of calories, which is appropriate for children ages one to three.
D)   Do not restrict Keira's fat consumption until she is four years old.
E)   Place Keira on a vegan diet, since it is the healthiest option.

Question 8

What food is a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   palm oil
B)   beef tallow
C)   safflower oil
D)   cocoa butter
E)   butter

Question 9

Trans fats are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   formed when margarine is hydrogenated
B)   created when oils become rancid
C)   omitted on food labels
D)   naturally found in legumes and some nuts
E)   unsaturated fatty acids with hydrogen atoms attached on the same side of the points of unsaturation

Question 10

Discuss general tips to achieve the goal of reducing your saturated fat intake to less than 10 percent of total calories and increase your intake of protective fibers and antioxidant nutrients.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss general tips to achieve the goal...

Question 11

To reduce added fats in your diet when preparing home-cooked meals, use ____ to coat pans.

Accepted Answer

A)   nonstick sprays
B)   shortening
C)   butter
D)   canola oil
E)   corn oil margarine

Question 12

Which food contains cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

A)   peanut butter
B)   corn oils
C)   avocados
D)   beef liver
E)   garlic cloves

Question 13

Moderate drinking, defined as no more than one drink a day for most women, and no more than two drinks a day for most men, is associated with higher HDL levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Eating more fiber promotes fat and cholesterol excretion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The health benefits of olive oil are primarily due to its lower calorie content than other oils.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Hydrogenation makes unsaturated fats more saturated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

To adhere to dietary recommendations of both the American Heart Association and Dietary Guidelines for Americans , cholesterol intake in persons at high risk for heart disease or diabetes should be below _____ milligrams per day

Accepted Answer

A)   200
B)   250
C)   300
D)   350
E)   400

Question 18

Which substance makes up 95 percent of the lipids in foods and in the human body?

Accepted Answer

A)   triglycerides
B)   cholesterol
C)   phospholipids
D)   sucrose
E)   sterols

Question 19

Vignette #1 Jack has just returned from the hospital where his father is recovering from a heart attack. The doctors told Jack that his dad's atherosclerosis is very serious. Jack and his wife, Melanie, are worried about Jack's father and also are starting to think about Jack's risk of having heart disease in his lifetime. He sets up an appointment at his doctor's office and has his blood lipid levels evaluated for the first time. Let's see if you can answer some of the questions that Jack and Melanie have.
Because he is now better informed, Jack wants to cook healthier meals. Which recommendation should he avoid ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Use fruit jam instead of margarine on toast.
B)   Use applesauce instead of butter when baking brownies.
C)   Eat salmon and herring twice per week.
D)   Have no more than three alcoholic drinks per day .
E)   Drink fat-free or low fat milk.

Question 20

Which dietary change would be most effective for lowering one's LDL?

Accepted Answer

A)   Replacing monounsaturated fats with saturated fats
B)   Replacing polyunsaturated fats with hydrogenated fats
C)   Choosing whole milk instead of a soda beverage
D)   Choosing broiled salmon instead of a bacon burger
E)   Replacing two glasses of water with two glasses of red wine per day

Exam 5: The Lipids Fats and Oils

What is meant by the "Mediterranean diet," and what might a typical day's meal plan look like? What nutrients is this diet particularly high or low in? Comment on your ability to follow this way of eating.

To lower blood cholesterol, an atherogenic diet plan advocates keeping saturated fat to less than five to six percent of daily calories.

Linolenic acid is one of the fatty acids synthesized by the human body.

Jamal's girlfriend insists that margarine is better than butter but he learns that she is wrong in his nutrition course. How can Jamal encourage a discussion with his girlfriend to address thenegative aspects of margarine in the diet?

Fat that enters the small intestine is ____.

For most Americans, the most important dietary change to make in order to reduce blood LDL-cholesterol levels is to reduce intake of ____.

Sam and Regina have a two-year old daughter, Keira. Sam believes they should put Keira on a low-fat diet like the one he and Regina follow. What advice would you give these parents?

What food is a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

Trans fats are ____.

Discuss general tips to achieve the goal of reducing your saturated fat intake to less than 10 percent of total calories and increase your intake of protective fibers and antioxidant nutrients.

To reduce added fats in your diet when preparing home-cooked meals, use ____ to coat pans.

Which food contains cholesterol?

Moderate drinking, defined as no more than one drink a day for most women, and no more than two drinks a day for most men, is associated with higher HDL levels.

Eating more fiber promotes fat and cholesterol excretion.

The health benefits of olive oil are primarily due to its lower calorie content than other oils.

Hydrogenation makes unsaturated fats more saturated.

To adhere to dietary recommendations of both the American Heart Association and Dietary Guidelines for Americans , cholesterol intake in persons at high risk for heart disease or diabetes should be below _____ milligrams per day

Which substance makes up 95 percent of the lipids in foods and in the human body?

Which dietary change would be most effective for lowering one's LDL?