Question 1

The plant hormone ____ appears to play a major role in gravitropism in roots and shoots.

Accepted Answer

A)  salicylic acid 
B)  gibberellin 
C)  abscisic acid 
D)  auxin 
E)  oligosaccharin

Question 2

The plant signaling molecule ____ is similar in structure to aspirin.

Accepted Answer

A)  abscisic acid 
B)  ethylene 
C)  salicylic acid 
D)  jasmonate 
E)  oligosaccharin

Question 3

Molecular data has shown that ____ originated during the period when non-bryophytes diverged from the bryophytes.

Accepted Answer

A)  auxins 
B)  cytokinins 
C)  jasmonates 
D)  gibberellins 
E)  ethylene

Question 4

The plant hormone synthesized mainly in root tips and apparently transported through the plant in xylem sap is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  gibberellins 
B)  auxins 
C)  oligosaccharins 
D)  ethylene 
E)  cytokinins

Question 5

When a plant becomes infected by pathogenic bacteria or fungi, it may respond by way of a fight or flight response - a defense that cordons off an infection site surrounding it with dead cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Where is the auxin receptor ABP1 located in plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell wall 
B)  cytoplasm 
C)  endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  plasma membrane 
E)  nucleus

Question 7

Suppose you are culturing tobacco callus in a Petri dish at a 10:1 ratio of auxin to cytokinin. To promote only shoot development you would ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the cytokinin ratio 
B)  increase the auxin ratio 
C)  reduce the auxin level significantly and increase the cytokinin level slightly 
D)  grow the tobacco in the dark 
E)  grow the tobacco in the light

Question 8

The type of plant hormone primarily responsible for inhibiting growth of lateral meristems on shoots and restricting the formation of branches is/are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  abscisic acid 
B)  cytokinins 
C)  auxins 
D)  salicylic acid 
E)  gibberellins

Question 9

A plant's response to the relative lengths of light and dark periods in its environment during each 24-hour period is a phenomenon called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  gravitropism 
B)  photoperiodism 
C)  thigmotropism 
D)  circadian rhythms 
E)  phototropism

Question 10

Work by Charles Darwin and Francis Darwin was instrumental in the discovery of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  auxins 
B)  brassinosteroids 
C)  jasmonates 
D)  cytokinins 
E)  gibberellins

Question 11

The most important natural auxin is ____ acid.

Accepted Answer

A)  abscisic 
B)  gibberellic 
C)  jasmonic 
D)  indoleacetic 
E)  salicylic

Question 12

The plant hormone ____ is apparently synthesized from carotenoid pigments inside plastids.

Accepted Answer

A)  salicylic acid 
B)  cytokinin 
C)  abscisic acid 
D)  jasmonate 
E)  brassinosteroid

Question 13

Commercial grape growers use ____ to get larger grapes by lengthening the stem on which fruits develop.

Accepted Answer

A)  abscisic acid 
B)  ethylene 
C)  auxins 
D)  salicylic acid 
E)  gibberellins

Question 14

According to the acid-growth hypothesis, auxin causes increased acidity in cell walls, which then activates ____ that disrupt(s) bonds between cellulose microfibrils, allowing cell expansion.

Accepted Answer

A)  a membrane potential 
B)  AUX1 transporters 
C)  proteins called expansins 
D)  an mRNA 
E)  K+ions

Question 15

When a plant has a hypersensitive response, production of ____ triggers effects such as the expression of PR proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  oligosaccharins 
B)  salicylic acid 
C)  ethylene 
D)  cytokinin 
E)  brassinosteroids

Question 16

In some cases, when an insect begins feeding on a leaf the plant responds by activating a signaling pathway that results in the production of ____, which disrupt an insect's capacity to digest proteins.

Accepted Answer

A)  gibberellins 
B)  lipases 
C)  chitinases 
D)  protease inhibitors 
E)  cytokinins

Question 17

Placing a ripe apple with other apples that are not ripe will cause the other apples to ripen sooner due to the release of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  brassinosteroids 
B)  ethylene 
C)  auxins 
D)  oligosaccharins 
E)  abscisic acid

Question 18

The type of plant hormone primarily responsible for promoting the formation of lateral roots is/are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  jasmonates 
B)  gibberellins 
C)  auxins 
D)  systemin 
E)  cytokinins

Question 19

In systemic acquired resistance, the regulatory protein NPR-1 moves from the cytoplasm to the cell nucleus, apparently in response to a buildup of ____ in the cytoplasm.

Accepted Answer

A)  ethylene 
B)  brassinosteroids 
C)  oligosaccharins 
D)  jasmonates 
E)  salicylic acid

Question 20

Flowering in Arabidopsis appears to require ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  production in leaves of CO protein and FT protein 
B)  movement of CO protein from leaves to the shoot apex 
C)  expression of CO protein in the shoot apex 
D)  movement of FT mRNA from leaves to the shoot apex 
E)  movement of FT protein from leaves to the shoot apex

Exam 37: Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment