Question 1

Earth's poles have a deficiency of heat, and the equatorial region has an excess of heat. Why don't the polar regions freeze solid and the equatorial region boil over?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Earth's poles have a deficiency of heat,...

Question 2

Which region of the ocean generally lacks a thermocline?

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical region 
B)  temperate region 
C)  sub-tropical region 
D)  polar region

Question 3

The of the ocean absorbs nearly all the infrared radiation that reaches the ocean surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  upper 300 meters 
B)  lower 100 feet 
C)  first meter (3.3 feet) 
D)  top 1 foot

Question 4

The average salinity of the world ocean is about .

Accepted Answer

A)  52% 
B)  35% 
C)  21.5% 
D)  3.5%

Question 5

The hydrogen atoms in a water molecule tend to bond to .

Accepted Answer

A)  each other 
B)  oxygen atoms of another water molecule 
C)  hydrogen atoms of another water molecule 
D)  all positively charged ions

Question 6

Seawater is even though dissolved CO2 forms into a carbonic acid when combined with water.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutral with a pH of 7 
B)  a strong acid 
C)  slightly acidic 
D)  slightly alkaline

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true regarding sound in the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sound is scattered as it bounces off suspended particles in the water. 
B)  Sound intensity increases as it moves through the ocean because of absorption. 
C)  The speed of sound in the ocean is ten times less than the speed of sound in air. 
D)  The speed of sound in the ocean decreases as temperature increases.

Question 8

The tendency for a substance to resist change in temperature with the gain or loss of heat energy is called .

Accepted Answer

A)  latent heat 
B)  temperature 
C)  heat capacity 
D)  thermal inertia

Question 9

When liquid water gets below 4°C, it .

Accepted Answer

A)  forms a gas by breaking all of its hydrogen bonds 
B)  behaves like all other liquids and increases in density 
C)  begins to decrease in density by expanding 
D)  compresses its molecular structure and becomes more saline

Question 10

How does the hydrogen bonds of water influence the physical properties of the ocean?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the hydrogen bonds of water...

Question 11

The salinity of seawater is a measure of the amount of sodium and chloride in a water sample.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The geometry of the covalent bonds shared by the hydrogen atoms and oxygen atom in a water molecule account for its polarity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What type of bond enables water molecules to stick together?

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent bond 
B)  molecular bond 
C)  hydrogen bond 
D)  atomic bond

Question 14

The amount of heat transported by water vapor in the atmosphere is greater than the amount of heat transported by ocean currents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

About what percentage does water expand when it freezes?

Accepted Answer

A)  90% 
B)  9.0% 
C)  0.9% 
D)  0.0%

Question 16

Describe the distribution of oxygen in the ocean from the surface to the deep sea.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the distribution of oxygen in the...

Question 17

How much more carbon dioxide can water hold than nitrogen or oxygen at saturation?

Accepted Answer

A)  50% more 
B)  1,000 times more 
C)  twice as much 
D)  W ater cannot hold more carbon dioxide than nitrogen.

Question 18

The ocean appears to be in because the proportion and amounts of its dissolved salts per unit volume are nearly constant.

Accepted Answer

A)  constant chemical flux 
B)  acid-base balance 
C)  thermal inertia 
D)  chemical equilibrium

Question 19

Eighty calories of heat energy must be removed per gram of pure water at 0°C to form ice. This represents water's .

Accepted Answer

A)  latent heat of evaporation 
B)  latent heat of fusion 
C)  sensible heat 
D)  temperature

Question 20

Water behaves like a(n) , which prevents broad swings of pH.

Accepted Answer

A)  acid 
B)  alkaline 
C)  polar molecule 
D)  buffer

Exam 4: Water and Ocean Structure

Earth's poles have a deficiency of heat, and the equatorial region has an excess of heat. Why don't the polar regions freeze solid and the equatorial region boil over?

Which region of the ocean generally lacks a thermocline?

The of the ocean absorbs nearly all the infrared radiation that reaches the ocean surface.

The average salinity of the world ocean is about .

The hydrogen atoms in a water molecule tend to bond to .

Seawater is even though dissolved CO₂ forms into a carbonic acid when combined with water.

Which of the following statements is true regarding sound in the ocean?

The tendency for a substance to resist change in temperature with the gain or loss of heat energy is called .

When liquid water gets below 4°C, it .

How does the hydrogen bonds of water influence the physical properties of the ocean?

The salinity of seawater is a measure of the amount of sodium and chloride in a water sample.

The geometry of the covalent bonds shared by the hydrogen atoms and oxygen atom in a water molecule account for its polarity.

What type of bond enables water molecules to stick together?

The amount of heat transported by water vapor in the atmosphere is greater than the amount of heat transported by ocean currents.

About what percentage does water expand when it freezes?

Describe the distribution of oxygen in the ocean from the surface to the deep sea.

How much more carbon dioxide can water hold than nitrogen or oxygen at saturation?

The ocean appears to be in because the proportion and amounts of its dissolved salts per unit volume are nearly constant.

Eighty calories of heat energy must be removed per gram of pure water at 0°C to form ice. This represents water's .

Water behaves like a(n) , which prevents broad swings of pH.