Question 1

We have used more natural resources since 1955 than in all of recorded human history up to that time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A 2014 NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center study reminds us that .

Accepted Answer

A)  by increasing the per-capita depletion of nature, a collapse in civilization can be avoided 
B)  Earth's natural replacement capacity is well below its total possible capacity 
C)  civilizations are not permanent 
D)  nature has a way of maintaining equilibrium on its own, thus allowing civilization to thrive indefinitely

Question 3

An example of a nonextractive resource provided by the ocean is .

Accepted Answer

A)  transportation 
B)  crabs 
C)  oil 
D)  manganese nodules

Question 4

The melting of Arctic ice has .

Accepted Answer

A)  forced ships to pass through the Panama canal 
B)  made it possible for ships to take different trade routes 
C)  raised sea levels resulting in closure of major ports 
D)  had no effect on the shipping industry

Question 5

Which statement applies to resources from the sea?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are easier to recover than from the land. 
B)  They are more difficult to locate and extract than resources on land. 
C)  They are in greater variety than minerals on land. 
D)  They are less expensive to recover than from land.

Question 6

Aquaculture has been beneficial in enhancing productivity, but may have negative effects by .

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing damage to structures from wind and wave energy in submerged pens 
B)  concentrating farmed fish waste through open-ocean systems 
C)  reducing the genetic diversity of wild fish from escapes 
D)  increases the amount of wasted feed by moderating the number of farmed fish in each pen

Question 7

Resources are allocated by systems of .

Accepted Answer

A)  economic checks and balances 
B)  production, distribution, and consumption of goods 
C)  individuals, businesses, and governments 
D)  free-market economies

Question 8

As a result of the increased size of cargo ships, many ships .

Accepted Answer

A)  have decreased the number of trips they make across the Atlantic Ocean 
B)  can no longer pass through the Panama Canal 
C)  cannot unload their cargo in a timely manner at busy ports 
D)  have increased their travel time and have not seen an increase in profits

Question 9

Physical resources that are extracted from the ocean and are useful to humans include .

Accepted Answer

A)  fish 
B)  petroleum and natural gas 
C)  heat derived from the motion of the ocean 
D)  compounds used for medicine

Question 10

The maximum of each species that can be caught without impairing future populations of that species is called the .

Accepted Answer

A)  maximum sustainable yield 
B)  annual catch 
C)  maximum global landing 
D)  unsustainable yield

Question 11

Seawater is an important source of table salt.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What property of plastic enables it to accumulate in ocean gyres?

Accepted Answer

A)  It releases toxins as it decays. 
B)  It absorbs carbon dioxide before photosynthetic organisms can get any. 
C)  It blocks sunlight from penetrating into the ocean. 
D)  It isn't biodegradable.

Question 13

Currently, what are the main sources of marine pollution? How can these be reduced or eradicated in the future?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Currently, what are the main sources of...

Question 14

What is the fastest-growing alternative power source to oil?

Accepted Answer

A)  geothermal 
B)  solar 
C)  wind 
D)  waves, currents, and tides

Question 15

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration advises women of childbearing age and children to completely avoid some kinds of fish because of contamination.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial 
B)  mercury 
C)  petroleum 
D)  plastics

Question 16

What is "fracking" and what impact does it have on the environment?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is "fracking" and what impact does...

Question 17

The process by which toxic substances can be concentrated in the flesh of organisms at higher trophic levels is called .

Accepted Answer

A)  biomagnification 
B)  natural selection 
C)  trophic concentration 
D)  consumer distillation

Question 18

The method of desalination in which seawater is forced against a semipermeable membrane at high pressure is called .

Accepted Answer

A)  reverse osmosis 
B)  distillation 
C)  reverse diffusion 
D)  hydrostatic filtration

Question 19

What involves the introduction into the ocean by humans of substances or energy that changes the quality of the water or affects the physical, chemical, or biological environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  sustainability 
B)  marine pollution 
C)  nonextractive resource use 
D)  mariculture

Question 20

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today is higher than it has been in at least 400,000 years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Uses and Abuses of the Ocean

We have used more natural resources since 1955 than in all of recorded human history up to that time.

A 2014 NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center study reminds us that .

An example of a nonextractive resource provided by the ocean is .

The melting of Arctic ice has .

Which statement applies to resources from the sea?

Aquaculture has been beneficial in enhancing productivity, but may have negative effects by .

Resources are allocated by systems of .

As a result of the increased size of cargo ships, many ships .

Physical resources that are extracted from the ocean and are useful to humans include .

The maximum of each species that can be caught without impairing future populations of that species is called the .

Seawater is an important source of table salt.

What property of plastic enables it to accumulate in ocean gyres?

Currently, what are the main sources of marine pollution? How can these be reduced or eradicated in the future?

What is the fastest-growing alternative power source to oil?

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration advises women of childbearing age and children to completely avoid some kinds of fish because of contamination.

What is "fracking" and what impact does it have on the environment?

The process by which toxic substances can be concentrated in the flesh of organisms at higher trophic levels is called .

The method of desalination in which seawater is forced against a semipermeable membrane at high pressure is called .

What involves the introduction into the ocean by humans of substances or energy that changes the quality of the water or affects the physical, chemical, or biological environment?

The concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere today is higher than it has been in at least 400,000 years.