Question 1

Lance is a door-to-door insurance salesman. Lance finds it hard to predict what his sales will be for any given day. On some days, he sells one policy for every three houses that he visits; on other days, he may sell one policy every twenty houses. Lance is being rewarded on a __________ reinforcement schedule.

Accepted Answer

A) fixed-ratio 
B) fixed-interval 
C) variable-ratio 
D) variable-interval

Question 2

Set up positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and punishment programs that a parent could use to teach a ten-year-old child to clean his room. What are the drawbacks of using punishment? What is the most effective way to use punishment?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Set up positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and...

Question 3

In order to get his daughter to start putting away her school supplies when she gets home from school, Yancy thanks her when she doesn't just drop her backpack in the kitchen upon getting home. After doing this once or twice, he withholds the praise until she takes the backpack to her bedroom. This type of strategy is known as

Accepted Answer

A) shaping. 
B) stimulus generalization. 
C) primary reinforcement. 
D) stimulus discrimination.

Question 4

Dr. Evil presents the sound of a buzzer to his pet rabbit, and he follows it with the delivery of a small electric shock. After repeated pairings of the buzzer and shock, the rabbit learns to fear the sound of buzzers. Dr. Evil then proceeds to extinguish the rabbit's fear of buzzers. Now suppose that, after extinction, Dr. Evil decides to present the buzzer and shock to the rabbit once again. After only one pairing, the rabbit will demonstrate __________ and fear the buzzer again.

Accepted Answer

A) stimulus generalization 
B) spontaneous recovery 
C) stimulus discrimination 
D) extinction

Question 5

Gretchen absolutely loves going to school. Her teacher uses enjoyable teaching methods, such as small-group problem-solving tasks, discussion of mini-essays written in class, and short review sessions of the previous half hour of class. Gretchen's teacher is obviously taking a(n)__________ approach.

Accepted Answer

A) identical elements 
B) formal discipline 
C) teaching machine 
D) active learning

Question 6

Kelly watched her mother get ready for work; Kelly's mother put on makeup and fixed her hair. Then, Kelly's mother left the room and told Kelly to get ready for school. Kelly began to imitate her mother by smearing makeup on her face and fluffing her hair. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) vicarious conditioning. 
B) observational learning. 
C) operant conditioning. 
D) mock learning.

Question 7

Whenever Lisa's aunts visit, they kiss her on the cheek. Lisa hates this and eventually learns that they will not kiss her if she is coughing. Now whenever her aunts enter her home, she pretends to cough. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) avoidance conditioning. 
B) escape conditioning. 
C) latent learning. 
D) punishment.

Question 8

In Melody's class, she takes attendance on average every five to ten days, and students who are present receive extra points. Sometimes she will take attendance two or three days in a row, but she never lets the students know when this will happen. This is an example of what type of reinforcement schedule?

Accepted Answer

A) Fixed-interval 
B) Fixed-ratio 
C) Variable-interval 
D) Variable-ratio

Exam 5: Learning

Set up positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and punishment programs that a parent could use to teach a ten-year-old child to clean his room. What are the drawbacks of using punishment? What is the most effective way to use punishment?

Kelly watched her mother get ready for work; Kelly's mother put on makeup and fixed her hair. Then, Kelly's mother left the room and told Kelly to get ready for school. Kelly began to imitate her mother by smearing makeup on her face and fluffing her hair. This is an example of

Whenever Lisa's aunts visit, they kiss her on the cheek. Lisa hates this and eventually learns that they will not kiss her if she is coughing. Now whenever her aunts enter her home, she pretends to cough. This is an example of