A Researcher Reports a Positive Relationship Between Sugar Consumption and Activity

Multiple Choice

A researcher reports a positive relationship between sugar consumption and activity level for a group of eight-year-old children. However, the researcher cannot be sure whether the extra sugar is causing the children to be more active or whether the extra activity is causing the children to eat more sugar. This is an example of the ____.

A) third-variable problem
B) directionality problem
C) reversal problem
D) criterion problem