Which of the Following Are Likely Indicators of Ineffective Change

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are likely indicators of ineffective change management? 1. IT management is unable to predict how a change will impact interdependent systems or business processes. 2. There have been significant increases in trouble calls or in support hours logged by programmers. 3. There is a lack of turnover in the systems support and business analyst development groups. 4. Emergency changes that bypass the normal control process frequently are deemed necessary.

A) 1 and 3 only
B) 2 and 4 only
C) 1, 2, and 4 only
D) 1, 2, 3, and 4