Question 1

James Marcia uses the terms _____ and _____ to classify individuals according to four identity statuses.

Accepted Answer

A) crisis;determination 
B) crisis;commitment 
C) challenge;crisis 
D) exploration;selection

Question 2

Describe the key elements of the contemporary view of identity development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the key elements of the contemporary...

Question 3

College produces key changes in identity,due to a wide range of new experiences and

Accepted Answer

A) increased social skills. 
B) increased complexity in reasoning skills. 
C) increased autonomy. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding hormones and emotions is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Hormonal influences are largely responsible for negative emotions that occur in puberty. 
B) Hormonal changes and environment are about equal in accounting for negative emotions that occur in puberty. 
C) Hormonal factors are strongly associated with positive emotions. 
D) Environmental experiences may contribute more to emotions of adolescents than hormonal changes.

Question 5

Troy,age 16,is LEAST likely to show his false self to

Accepted Answer

A) his best friend. 
B) his classmate. 
C) his girlfriend. 
D) his coach.

Question 6

The _____ is the central aspect of the personality.

Accepted Answer

A) temperament 
B) cardinal trait 
C) self 
D) ego

Question 7

Lito and Jose are second-generation immigrants from Argentina.Their ethnic identity is likely to be linked to

Accepted Answer

A) retention of their native language. 
B) whether or not they are close to their parents. 
C) the presence of extended family in the home. 
D) None of these choices are correct.

Question 8

Researcher Labouvie-Vief asserts that the development of a coherent,integrated worldview does not happen until which ages?

Accepted Answer

A) 18-25 
B) 20-29 
C) 30-39 
D) 40-49

Question 9

Markus and colleagues argue that

Accepted Answer

A) in Japanese culture,individuality is promoted and maintained. 
B) in North American cultures,relatedness to others is stressed. 
C) all selves are culture-specific. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 10

It is extremely important to Sean,age 19,to make the Dean's List in college.His twin brother,Seamus,is more focused on being chosen for the rugby team.According to Susan Harter,Sean and Seamus have each identified their

Accepted Answer

A) vulnerable area for self-esteem. 
B) domain important to the self. 
C) domain important to their parents. 
D) domain important for social approval.

Question 11

Which one of the following is NOT associated with developmental changes in the Big 5 personality traits during adolescence?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreases in conscientiousness during early adolescence. 
B) Increases in conscientiousness during late adolescence. 
C) Decreases in extraversion during early adolescence. 
D) Increases in extraversion during late adolescence.

Question 12

Research suggests that,compared to uninhibited children,individuals classified with inhibition in childhood are

Accepted Answer

A) more likely to experience social support in adolescence. 
B) less likely to experience social support in adolescence. 
C) more likely to be assertive as adolescents. 
D) more likely to enter a stable job tract early.

Question 13

Low socioeconomic status (SES)urban settings may expose adolescents to

Accepted Answer

A) drugs. 
B) gangs. 
C) criminal activities. 
D) All of these choices are correct.

Question 14

A common pattern of individuals who develop positive identities is called the

Accepted Answer

A) MAMA cycle. 
B) PAPA cycle. 
C) MAPA cycle. 
D) PAMA cycle.

Question 15

A feeling that occurs when a person is in a state or an interaction that is important to well-being is called

Accepted Answer

A) emotion. 
B) affect. 
C) cognition. 
D) None of these choices are correct.

Question 16

The "social mirror" for adolescents is

Accepted Answer

A) friends. 
B) parents. 
C) siblings. 
D) classmates.

Question 17

Explain the three new classifications of temperament included in a recent revision of Chess and Thomas' original categories,which were easy,difficult,and slow-to-warm-up.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the three new classifications of temperament...

Question 18

Joanna is a social person.She enjoys hanging out with friends and always being on the go.She is fun-loving and affectionate.According to the Big 5 theory of personality,she most likely would be rated high on the trait of

Accepted Answer

A) Agreeableness 
B) Openness 
C) Conscientiousness 
D) Extraversion

Question 19

Tracy is fairly sure that she wants to pursue a career in nursing.She attends a nursing career fair,interviews two family members who are nurses,and researches the different jobs that nurses can do.Tracy is in the _____ stage of identity development.

Accepted Answer

A) fact-gathering 
B) exploration in depth 
C) identification with commitment 
D) survey

Question 20

Jodie,age 16,refuses to take a summer job working at her father's grocery store and instead decides to volunteer at a camp for disabled children.She says she would feel "useless" bagging groceries.Erikson would say that Jodie's choice reflects

Accepted Answer

A) her desire to be true to her own identity. 
B) her desire to be independent from her father. 
C) her basic laziness. 
D) her desire to be praised by the community for her selflessness.

Exam 4: The Self, Identity, Emotion, and Personality

James Marcia uses the terms _ and _ to classify individuals according to four identity statuses.