Question 1

Each of the following are denaturing agents except ________.

Accepted Answer

A) high temperature 
B) low temperature 
C) high pH 
D) low pH 
E) All of the choices are correct

Question 2

The cell's metabolic reactions involve the participation of ________ that lower the activation energy needed for the initiation of a reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) cofactors 
B) vitamins 
C) enzymes 
D) ATP 
E) coenzymes

Question 3

Intermediates in the glycolysis pathway feed into additional pathways that make amino acids and complex carbohydrates.These latter pathways are ________.

Accepted Answer

A) biosynthetic and endergonic 
B) hydrolytic and exergonic 
C) biosynthetic and exergonic 
D) hydrolytic and endergonic

Question 4

In bacterial cells,the electron transport system is located in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) cell membrane 
B) mitochondria 
C) chloroplasts 
D) ribosomes 
E) cytoplasm

Question 5

The reactions of fermentation function to produce ________ molecules for use in glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvic acid 
B) ATP 
C) NAD+ 
D) NADH 
E) glucose

Question 6

When the product of reaction A becomes the reactant of reaction B,the metabolic pathway is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) linear 
B) bidirectional 
C) convergent 
D) cyclic 
E) divergent

Question 7

An example of amphibolism is when ________.

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA to enter the Krebs cycle,and is also used as a precursor for amino acid production 
B) acetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle,and is also used for fatty acid production 
C) intermediates of glucose oxidation are further oxidized during glycolysis,and are also harnessed for the production of complex carbohydrates 
D) All of the above are examples of amphibolism

Question 8

In addition to electrons,which of the following can also be transferred,exchanging energy in the process?

Accepted Answer

A) ADP 
B) Glucose 
C) Carbon 
D) Hydrogen 
E) Carbon dioxide

Question 9

A metabolic pathway begins as a series of linear reactions then,at a specific point in the pathway,two reactants are produced,each of which proceed in a linear,yet different chain of reactions.  This is an example of a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) divergent pathway 
B) convergent pathway 
C) cyclical pathway 
D) linear pathway

Question 10

Enzymes that hydrolyze a peptide bond are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) phosphotransferases 
B) oxidoreductases 
C) peptidases 
D) aminotransferases 
E) ligases

Question 11

In a bacterial cell,the genes that code for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of an unusual carbohydrate source would be turned off unless that carbohydrate was the only fuel source available in the media,in which case ________.

Accepted Answer

A) the genes coding for the hydrolytic enzymes would be induced 
B) the genes coding for the hydrolytic enzymes would be repressed 
C) the genes coding for the hydrolytic enzymes would be constitutive 
D) the enzymes would be denatured

Question 12

A newborn infant screening yields a positive result for biotinidase deficiency. The RN prepares education for the patient's parents regarding the role of enzymes in metabolism and this enzyme deficiency disorder.
-All of the following are true of enzymes except ________.

Accepted Answer

A) enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction 
B) enzymes are not part of the products of a chemical reaction 
C) enzymes create a chemical reaction 
D) enzymes are not consumed in a chemical reaction

Question 13

ATP molecules are catalysts that lower the activation energy needed to initiate a reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Fermentation ________.

Accepted Answer

A) requires an organic electron acceptor 
B) requires oxygen 
C) only occurs in aerobic organisms 
D) can be equivalent to aerobic respiration in ATP production 
E) is the same as anaerobic respiration

Question 15

Microbes can utilize only carbohydrates for energy production.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A 67-year-old patient with severe sepsis undergoes a full infectious workup upon admittance to the intensive care unit. Cultures of urine, blood, sputum, and cerebral spinal fluid are obtained. The cultures do not yield a specific organism, so further analysis of the sample is done to determine the characteristics of the microorganism. The organism's metabolic processes are analyzed in the lab.
-Biochemical testing reveals that the organism further reduces nitrite to produce nitrous oxide.Based on this byproduct,which of the following is the most likely catabolic pathway utilized by this organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Aerobic respiration 
B) Anaerobic respiration 
C) Fermentation 
D) Aerobic respiration,anaerobic respiration,and fermentation can all lead to the production of nitrous oxide

Question 17

Denaturing an apoenzyme will destroy the three-dimensional shape of the protein,making it nonfunctional.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced by the complete aerobic breakdown of one glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 3 
C) 4 
D) 5 
E) 6

Question 19

A 67-year-old patient with severe sepsis undergoes a full infectious workup upon admittance to the intensive care unit. Cultures of urine, blood, sputum, and cerebral spinal fluid are obtained. The cultures do not yield a specific organism, so further analysis of the sample is done to determine the characteristics of the microorganism. The organism's metabolic processes are analyzed in the lab.
-Which of the following statements properly characterizes the ATP yield from anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) Anaerobic respiration produces less ATP per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration at maximum net yield. 
B) Anaerobic respiration at maximum net yield produces more ATP per glucose molecule than fermentation. 
C) Anaerobic respiration produces 2-36 ATPs per glucose molecule. 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 20

In bacterial cells,the electron carriers NAD⁺ and FAD are found in the ________,whereas the cytochromes are located in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasm; cell membrane 
B) mitochondria; cytoplasm 
C) cell membrane; cytoplasm 
D) cell membrane; inner mitochondrial membrane

Exam 7: Microbial Metabolism

Each of the following are denaturing agents except ________.

The cell's metabolic reactions involve the participation of ________ that lower the activation energy needed for the initiation of a reaction.

Intermediates in the glycolysis pathway feed into additional pathways that make amino acids and complex carbohydrates.These latter pathways are ________.

In bacterial cells,the electron transport system is located in the ________.

The reactions of fermentation function to produce ________ molecules for use in glycolysis.

When the product of reaction A becomes the reactant of reaction B,the metabolic pathway is ________.

An example of amphibolism is when ________.

In addition to electrons,which of the following can also be transferred,exchanging energy in the process?

A metabolic pathway begins as a series of linear reactions then,at a specific point in the pathway,two reactants are produced,each of which proceed in a linear,yet different chain of reactions. This is an example of a ________.

Enzymes that hydrolyze a peptide bond are called ________.

In a bacterial cell,the genes that code for enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of an unusual carbohydrate source would be turned off unless that carbohydrate was the only fuel source available in the media,in which case ________.

A newborn infant screening yields a positive result for biotinidase deficiency. The RN prepares education for the patient's parents regarding the role of enzymes in metabolism and this enzyme deficiency disorder. -All of the following are true of enzymes except ________.

ATP molecules are catalysts that lower the activation energy needed to initiate a reaction.

Fermentation ________.

Microbes can utilize only carbohydrates for energy production.

Denaturing an apoenzyme will destroy the three-dimensional shape of the protein,making it nonfunctional.

How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced by the complete aerobic breakdown of one glucose molecule?

In bacterial cells,the electron carriers NAD⁺ and FAD are found in the ,whereas the cytochromes are located in the .